Rhizomicrobiomics of Caesalpinia bonducella, a wonder plant for PCOS treatment
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Rhizomicrobiomics of Caesalpinia bonducella, a wonder plant for PCOS treatment Sivasankari Ramadurai1 • Usha Balasundaram1
Received: 17 June 2020 / Revised: 21 November 2020 / Accepted: 25 November 2020 Ó Prof. H.S. Srivastava Foundation for Science and Society 2020
Abstract Plant and rhizobacterial interactions contribute partly to a plant’s medicinal properties and are well studied through metagenomics. In this study, 16S rDNA, 18S rDNA, and ITS meta-sequencing were performed using the genomic DNA obtained from the rhizosphere of Caesalpinia bonducella—a medicinal shrub widely used to treat polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Of the 665 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) obtained from 16S rDNA sequencing, 23.9% comprised of microbes that increase the therapeutic value of plants (Bacillus, Paenibacillus), 6.4% belonged to stress and drought tolerant microbes (Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Serratia), 8% belonged to plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria—predominantly Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes and the remaining were the microbes performing various other functions. Alpha diversity indexing by GAIA-metagenomics tool revealed the presence of a highly diverse group of microbes in the rhizosphere of C. bonducella; Chao.1 index (665), Shannon Weiner index (3.53), Simpson index (0.83) and Fisher index (106.13). The highly diverse microbes lingering around the roots of C. bonducella could possibly be due to a strong symbiotic association with the plant; root exudates nourish the microbes and the microbes in turn enrich the medicinal value of the plant.
& Usha Balasundaram [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603 203, India
Keywords Caesalpinia bonducella Microbial diversity Oxford nanopore technology (ONT) Rhizosphere 16S rRNA
Introduction A plethora of root associated soil microorganisms, especially, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) play a vital role in the growth of plants. They convert the essential nutrients present in the soil to a form that can easily be taken up by the plants for their growth and development (Jacoby et al. 2017). The microbes are usually attracted to plants by the secretions from their roots called root exudates. Attracted microbes thus colonize the roots and utilize the phytochemicals in the root exudates as their energy source and in turn help plants by promoting their growth and activating defense mechanisms. Rhizobacteria stimulate an induced systemic resistance in roots thereby preventing further pathogen attack (Ahn et al. 2011). Apart from bacteria, other microbes like fungi, protozoa, and archaea also play a major beneficiary role in the growth of the plants. PGPR not only enhance the growth and yield of the plants but also improve the biosynthesis of phytotherapeutic compounds in medicinal plants. The association of microbes with medicinal plants increases the production o
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