Rhodium(III) complexes of 1-Alkyl-2-{( o -thioalkyl) phenylazo}imidazoles: synthesis, structure, spectral characterizati
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Rhodium(III) complexes of 1‑Alkyl‑2‑{(o‑thioalkyl) phenylazo} imidazoles: synthesis, structure, spectral characterization, DNA binding study and DFT calculation Dibakar Sardar1 · Papia Datta2 · Chittaranjan Sinha3 Received: 23 May 2020 / Accepted: 2 July 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The Rh(III) complexes of 1-alkyl-2-{(o-thioalkyl)phenylazo}imidazole (SRaaiNR′, 1; R = R′= Me (a); R = Me, R′= Et (b); R = Et, R′= Me (c); R = R′= Et (d)), [Rh(SRaaiNR′)(PPh3)Cl2](ClO4) (2) have been synthesized. The complexes have been characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction study authenticates the structure of [Rh(SMeaaiNEt)(PPh3)Cl2](ClO4) (2b). The DNA binding ability of the complexes has been investigated by electronic absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic methods. Density functional theory computation technique has been used to enlighten the electronic structures and their spectral properties.
Introduction The study of the interaction of transition metal complexes with DNA plays a significant role in the development of anticancer drugs [1–5]. Owing to the large diversity in structure, binding modes and flexible ligand exchange kinetics, metal complexes provide much scope for the design of anticancer agents [6]. The interaction of metal complexes with DNA leads to the formation of metal-DNA adducts that affects both replication and transcription of DNA and ultimately leads to the cell death [7]. The discovery of anticancer activity of cisplatin started the era of inorganic medicines in the field of cancer chemotherapy research. Inorganic medicines, mainly platinum-based drugs, have now become indispensable in chemotherapy research and cover nearly 50% of the total anticancer drugs used worldwide Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11243-020-00414-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Dibakar Sardar [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, Dinabandhu Andrews College, Garia, Kolkata 700084, India
2
Department of Applied Science, RCC Institute of Information Technology, Canal South Road, Kolkata 700015, India
3
Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
[8]. In spite of the massive success, adverse side effects, lack of selectivity, rapid development of drug resistance and severe toxicity of platinum-based drugs have shifted the attention of investigation to other metals complexes. Over the last few years, a large variety of other transition metals complexes have been developed to explore their potential as anticancer drugs [9–13]. Specially, ruthenium complexes have attracted much due to their low toxicity, variable oxidation states and favorable kinetic aspects [2, 11, 14–16]. In this context, the complexes of Rh(III) and Ir(III) have been a little less attractive due to their kinetic inertness, which is mainly responsible for their poor biological activity. Recently, Rh(III) and Ir(III) complexes
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