Rhombohedral-orthorhombic-tetragonal multiphases coexist in (Ba 0.85 Ca 0.15 )(Ti 0.9 Zr 0.08 Sn 0.02 )O 3 -SrTiO 3 piez
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Rhombohedral-orthorhombic-tetragonal multiphases coexist in (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Ti0.9Zr0.08Sn0.02)O3-SrTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics prepared by microwave sintering techniques An Xue1, Qibin Liu1,2,* Fanghui Mou1
, Hongping Yang3, Yuanyu Wang1, Shiqiang Peng1, and
1
College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, 550025 Guiyang, Guizhou, China Key Laboratory for Material Structure and Strength of Guizhou Province, 550025 Guiyang, Guizhou, China 3 Guizhou zhuxin Water Environment Industry Co., Ltd, 550025 Guiyang, Guizhou, China 2
Received: 31 May 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 10 September 2020
To upgrade integrated piezoelectric properties of lead-free ceramics, (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Ti0.9Zr0.08Sn0.02)O3-SrTiO3 ceramics were successfully fabricated by the tape casting method and microwave sintering (MWS) techniques. The experimental results show that rhombohedral-orthorhombic-tetragonal(R-O-T) multiphases coexist in the samples, and excellent piezoelectric performance of the ceramics (d33 = 398 pC/N, Pr = 3.90 lC/cm2, Ec = 3.43 kV/cm, tand = 4.8%, er = 7791, and Tc = 82 °C, respectively) is obtained under 1300 °C for 1 h. The template of ST, prepared through molten-salt two-step method, can guide the grains to grow in the \ 001 [ direction.
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Springer Science+Business
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1 Introduction Because of excellent electrical performance, piezoelectric ceramics are widely applied in variety of industry, such as electronic, information, space, marine and oil drilling [1–3]. At present, the most of utility piezoceramic materials are still lead zirconate titanate (PZT). However, some relevant laws were issued to limit its further application in more and more countries as environmental protection and the sustainable development. Therefore, the development of environmental friendly lead-free
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04473-6
piezoelectric materials has become an urgent research subject [4–6]. Recently, considering inclusive life cycle analysis and environmental profile assessment among the core principles of material substitution and optimization [7, 8], the lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with the perovskite structure of ABO3 type have been one of the systems that researchers pay close attention [9–11], such as KNN [12, 13], NBT [14, 15], BT [16, 17], BF-BT [18, 19]. One of them, BaTiO3 (BT)based piezoelectric ceramics are considered as mainly representative, because of its advantages, such as
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron
high piezoelectric properties and easy to manufacture, etc. [20, 21]. Since the Barium Calcium Zirconate Titanate (BCZT)-based (derived from BT) lead-free piezoceramics with large piezoelectric properties (d33*620 pC/N) were compounded by Ren et al. [22], a host of researchers have been made to promote the performance of lead-free ceramics through changing dopants [23–25]. As well known, SrTiO3 (ST) ceramic with standard perovskite structure, has been widely studied in order to enhance dielectric and ferroel
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