Risk assessment of water inrush in karst tunnels based on two-class fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Risk assessment of water inrush in karst tunnels based on two-class fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method Handong Chu 1,2 & Guangli Xu 1 & Noriyuki Yasufuku 2 & Zhang Yu 1 & Pola Liu 3 & Jifeng Wang 3
Received: 16 January 2016 / Accepted: 17 March 2017 / Published online: 6 April 2017 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2017
Abstract A feasible and accurate method named two-class fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is put forward to assess the risk of water inrush in karst tunnels. In view of regarding tunnel face as the evaluation object, 12 influencing factors of water inrush are selected as the evaluation index system consisting of 4 first-class and 12 second-class indices. Based on fuzzy mathematics theory and expert evaluation method, all the indices are quantitatively graded according to five risk grades. The weights of indices affecting water inrush are rationally distributed by using analytic hierarchy process. Membership functions and weights of indices are utilized to stepwise compute the membership degree of indices corresponding to risk grade, and the principle of maximum membership degree is carried out to discern the risk grade of water inrush. The tunnel faces in seven segments of Qiyueshan tunnel are chosen as the case studies. Evaluation results are derived from the proposed method, and they are generally consistent with the actual results through comparisons. This method provides a cogent way for evaluating the risk of water inrush in karst tunnels.
Keywords Water inrush . Karst tunnel . Risk assessment . Two-class fuzzy mathematical theory
* Guangli Xu [email protected]
1
Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
2
Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
3
China Railway Siyuan Survey & Design Group CO., LTD, Wuhan 430063, Hubei, People’s Republic of China
Introduction During the construction of tunnel located in karst terrains, water inrush has been one of the most challenging and common issues, which frequently leads to equipment destroyed and construction period bungled, even serious casualty and economic loss. The catastrophe of water inrush has gradually become the bottleneck problem of tunnel engineering development. In recent years, hundreds of water inrushes causing great loss of human life and deterioration of construction condition have occurred in China. As a consequence, the safety of karst tunnel construction is involved, and it is absolutely necessary and meaningful to accurately forecast the occurrence probability of water inrush in karst tunnel construction. Nevertheless, the geological condition in karst area is so complex and there exist a variety of influencing factors of water inrush. What is more, tunnel construction is sure to be affected by the excavation and time limit of the project. All of the above indicate that it is very difficult to accurately forecast the water inrush during karst tunnel construction. In spite of this, a large number of researches have been dev
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