Role of Circular Ribonucleic Acids in the Treatment of Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injury
- PDF / 574,415 Bytes
- 9 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 65 Downloads / 182 Views
Role of Circular Ribonucleic Acids in the Treatment of Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Jiaying Yuan 1 & Benson O. A. Botchway 2 & Yong Zhang 1 & Xizhi Wang 1 & Xuehong Liu 1 Received: 20 April 2020 / Accepted: 14 July 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The causal and pathogenetic factors linked to traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) are complex. This complexity is a contributive factor in the minimal improvement outcomes of injured individuals. Several studies have demonstrated the potentiality of stem cells in facilitating neuronal growth and improve outcome in various neurological conditions, including TBI and SCI. However, the efficiency concerning stem cell delivery at injured sites is open to question. Circular ribonucleic acids (circular RNAs) have recently been the focus of attention owing to their disparate functions and features in vivo. Exosomes have close relationship with circular RNAs and might have a significant impact on circular RNA expressions. Herein, we reviewed the specific functions of circular RNAs, exosomes, and stem cells in central nervous system conditions, particularly TBI and SCI, and attempted to show the connection among them. Our analyses showed the role of circular RNAs in brain/spinal cord injuries to be multifaceted, as they can modulate several signaling mechanisms while also acting as sponges for microRNAs and binding to their sites. Additionally, circular RNAs can activate several biological, molecular, and cellular activities in the wake of brain/spinal cord injuries. Thus, both non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions centered on the regulation of circular RNAs could be promising for TBI and SCI. Keywords Circular RNAs . Stem cells . Exosomes . Traumatic brain injury . Spinal cord injury . MicroRNAs
Introduction Both traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) belong to central nervous system injuries. Falls, car, and sport accidents are some of the main causes of TBI and SCI [1]. TBI is becoming a public health concern owing to its high disability and mortality rates [2]. According to California nonpublic administrative data between 2005 and 2014, there was an increase in per capita rate of index regarding TBI visits, rising to 40.5% in the last 10 years [3]. Primary trauma causes direct insult to the brain area after TBI [4]. Subsequent traumas include inflammation and oxidative stress [5]. Lack of blood
Jiaying Yuan, Benson O. A. Botchway and Yong Zhang contributed equally to this work and co-first authors. * Xuehong Liu [email protected] 1
Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Shaoxing University, 312000 Zhejiang Province, China
2
Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
flow and reperfusion injury to the brain can cause damage and involves complicated pathological changes, such as inflammation, calcium overload, oxidative stress, and eventual death of the brain cells [6]. Among the complex mechanisms,
Data Loading...
