Role of Leaf Epicuticular Wax Load and Composition against Whitefly Population and Cotton Leaf Curl Virus in Different C
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ole of Leaf Epicuticular Wax Load and Composition against Whitefly Population and Cotton Leaf Curl Virus in Different Cotton Varieties Muhammad Umair Majida, Zunaira Shera, Bushra Rashida, Qurban Alia, b, *, Muhammad Bilal Sarwara, Sameera Hassana, and Tayyab Husnaina aUniversity
of the Punjab Lahore, Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, Lahore, 53700 Pakistan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Lahore Pakistan *e-mail: [email protected]
b
Received April 29, 2019; revised May 29, 2019; accepted September 18, 2020
Abstract—Current experiment was conducted on existing cotton varieties against Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV) and whitefly infection. The objective of this study was to determine the difference in leaf epicuticular wax load and composition of CLCuV resistant and susceptible cotton varieties. Settling behaviour of whitefly in previous studies showed more whitefly population on CLCuV susceptible whereas less on CLCuV resistant cotton plants. Correlation analysis of CLCuV infection with whitefly population and leaf epicuticular wax load was performed. CLCuV infection has significant positive correlation with whitefly population and significant negative correlation with leaf epicuticular wax load. These results depicted more leaf epicuticular wax load and less whitefly attack on G. arboreum as compared to G. hirsutum varieties. It was also hypothesized that resistant cotton varieties may have different wax composition than susceptible varieties. For this purpose, GC-MS analysis of leaf epicuticular wax of both types of varieties was performed. GC-MS results of CLCuV resistant and susceptible cotton plants also showed differences in quantity and composition of leaf epicuticular wax. Based on these results, we can conclude that leaf epicuticular wax acts as a barrier against CLCuV and whitefly infection. Different biochemical compounds present in leaf epicuticular wax along with their quantity, are also responsible for the resistance and susceptibility of G. arboreum and G. hirsutum varieties. Keywords: Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium arboreum, CLCuV, whitefly, GC-MS analysis DOI: 10.3103/S009545272005014X
INTRODUCTION Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCuV), belonging to family Geminiviridae, is one of the main limitation to the cotton yield. This virus causes Cotton Leaf Curl Disease (CLCuD) which affects the boll formation, reduces yield and deteriorates the fiber quality [1, 2]. Geminiviruses are categorized in the genus Begomovirus and constitute the major and economically the most important group of plant viruses that causes heavy losses to crops [3]. Whitefly belonging to genus Bemisia is only vector responsible for CLCuV transmission in cotton crop. It damages the plants directly through feeding and indirectly by spreading of pathogenic viruses, predominantly Begomoviruses [4]. G. hirsutum is the most extensively cultivated species, but vulnerable to Begomovirus that causes severe yield losses [5]. Currently in Indo-Pak Subcontinent, G. hirsutum species “American cotton
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