Vector Management Strategies Against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) Transmitting Potato Apical Leaf Curl Virus in Seed Potat
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Vector Management Strategies Against Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) Transmitting Potato Apical Leaf Curl Virus in Seed Potatoes Malik Kamlesh 1
& K.V.
Raghavendra 1 & Manoj Kumar 1
Received: 27 June 2019 / Accepted: 6 August 2020/ # European Association for Potato Research 2020
Abstract Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) being a vegetatively propagated crop is infected by a large number of viral diseases, most of which are transferred over generations through planting material (tubers), duly responsible for degeneration of seed stocks over the years. In the recent past, the most important geminivirus infecting potato has been Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus-Potato (ToLCNDV-Potato) or Potato Apical Leaf Curl Virus (PALCV), transmitted through whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). To obtain disease-free seed potatoes, management of the insect vectors remains the major method of control of virus infection and is intensely reliant on the spraying of chemical insecticides. Hence, an attempt was made to identify a suitable integrated pest management (IPM) strategy for effective management of B. tabaci (vector of Potato Apical Leaf Curl Virus) in seed potato crops. Among different treatments evaluated, seed treatment with imidacloprid 600 FS (5 g/10 L) (10 min dip) + first spray of thiamethoxam 25% WG (3 g/10 L) + second spray 2 weeks later of horticultural mineral oil at 50 mL/10 L, recorded maximum per cent reduction in population of B. tabaci (74.5%) over untreated check, with maximum per cent reduction in viral infection (93.0%) over untreated check, and also recorded the maximum seed potato yield (33.95 t/ha) and maximum cost:benefit ratio (1:2.3). Keywords Insect vectors . Integrated Pest Management (IPM) . Potato Apical Leaf Curl
Virus (PALCV) . Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus-potato (ToLCNDV- Potato)
* Malik Kamlesh [email protected]
1
ICAR - Central Potato Research Institute Regional Station, Modipuram, UP, India
Potato Research
Introduction Availability of good quality planting material has perpetually been a limitation in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), being a vegetatively propagated crop infected by a sizable amount of viral diseases. Most of these diseases are transferred over generations through planting material (tubers) and result in degeneration of seed stocks over the years. As obligate parasites, plant pathogenic viruses are transferred from infected to healthy plants through mechanical means or by exploiting biological vectors. The majority of plant viruses that cause disease in cultivated crops rely upon biological vectors for their transmission and survival (Whitfield et al. 2015). The major plant pathogenic virus transmitting vectors are insects. However, other vectors include mites, nematodes, and chytrid fungi. The best-characterized plant pathogenic virus transmitting insect vectors are aphids, whiteflies, thrips, leafhoppers, and planthoppers (Bragard et al. 2013). In this context, we are concerned about the management of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), due to its essential role
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