SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Symptoms of the Nervous System and Implications for Therapy in Neurological Disorders
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REVIEW
SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Symptoms of the Nervous System and Implications for Therapy in Neurological Disorders Jacek Losy
Received: October 15, 2020 / Accepted: November 7, 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
ABSTRACT In this paper, the neurological aspects of COVID-19 are presented, which may be of significance for physicians. Knowledge about the neurological symptoms of COVID-19 infection should help physicians in diagnoses and in taking appropriate precautions, as some manifestations can appear before typical pulmonary symptoms. Various mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion are discussed and symptoms are described, which can be subdivided into manifestations of the central nervous system (CNS) (headache, dizziness, stroke, impaired consciousness, encephalitis, meningitis, seizures) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) (characteristic hyposmia and hypogeusia, Guillain Barre´ syndrome, myalgia). Additionally, the implications of COVID-19 infection for treatment of patients with common neurological diseases and their management is presented. It can be concluded that neurological symptoms are part of a clinical spectrum of COVID-19 infection, involving the CNS and PNS. COVID19 may influence decisions regarding the treatment of neurological disorders, especially those with an immune background.
J. Losy (&) Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords: COVID-19; Influence on therapy; Neuroinvasive mechanisms; Neurological symptoms; SARS-CoV-2 infection Key Summary Points Neurological symptoms may appear during SARS-CoV-2 infection. They may involve the central and peripheral nervous systems. COVID-19 infection may have an impact on the therapy for neurological disorders, especially those with an immune background. Therapeutic decisions must always be taken on an individual basis, evaluating the risk/benefit ratio. Appropriate precautions must be taken by healthcare providers to minimize transmission risk.
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Neurol Ther
this article go to https://doi.org/10.6084/m9. figshare.13201148
INTRODUCTION Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), emerged for the first time in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and subsequently spread across the globe [1]. According to the World Health Organization, as of October 11, 2020, over 37,109,000 cases had been diagnosed, with 1,070,355 deaths worldwide. More than 27 million people had recovered from the disease thus far. COVID-19 is largely a respiratory infection, and its symptoms include fever and respiratory symptoms such as coughing, sore throat, and breathing difficulties. Other symptoms can include muscle or joint pain, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and fatigue [2]. Complications of COVID-19 may include pneum
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