Sedimentation rate determination and heavy metal pollution assessment in Zariwar Lake, Iran
- PDF / 1,288,139 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 89 Downloads / 181 Views
Sedimentation rate determination and heavy metal pollution assessment in Zariwar Lake, Iran Fatemeh Torabi Kachoosangi1 · Abdolreza Karbassi1 · Amin Sarang1 · Roohollah Noori1 Received: 3 April 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Metal contents and enrichment factors of ten major trace metals, along with total organic matter, were studied using a 50-cm-long sediment core from Zariwar Lake in Iran. The source of elements (Fe, V, Co, Cd, Al, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr and Mn) was investigated by chemical partitioning technique as well as cluster analysis. Results of partitioning revealed the anthropogenic portion of metals (%) to be: Zn > Cu > V > Ni > Mn > Cd > Co > Cr. Cluster analysis classified all elements into clusters A and B. The presence of Fe and Al as earth indices in both clusters indicated that all investigated elements likely originate from the lithogenic sources to some extent. Results obtained from the geochemical accumulation index, pollution index, enrichment factor and Hakanson index showed that the sediments were not contaminated and did not exhibit ecological risk. Negligible levels of pollution were seen in terms of Ni and Mn contents. Average sedimentation rate was about 5.6 mm/year according to 210Pb activity through the depth of the core, which is about 5.5 times greater than the ones reported in other freshwater lakes. Considering the lake being small, this increasing trend in sedimentation rate may create short phases of lake sedimentation and degrade the aesthetic quality of this aquatic environment. Keywords Anthropogenic · Aquatic · Chemical partitioning · Intensity · Lake pollution
1 Introduction Metallic elements have always been a major cause of manmade pollution in lakes and other inland water systems threatening ecosystems and human health [1–5]. Also, sediments could reduce lake volume by time, leading to complete dry up in some cases [6, 7]. They carry a great deal of nutrients and metal loads into lakes, as well [8–10]. Therefore, sedimentation rate determination and heavy metal pollution assessment in lake’s sediments would provide beneficial information to make managerial decisions and improve the lake conditions. Zariwar Lake is one of the scant international wetlands and an Important Bird Area located in Iran [11]. Although the lake’s location is in a relative geographical isolation from the surrounding populated areas and industries, it
has not been devoid of anthropological polluting agents. In recent years, ignoring the environmental aspects of this valuable lake has caused various problems such as water pollution, large sediment discharge into the lake and loss of birds, fauna and flora [12, 13]. In addition, the shrinkage of the lake’s surface area due to the recent droughts has exacerbated the lake pollution and limited the beneficial lake functions. Recently, the local authorities of Kurdistan Province have shown concerns about possible problems threatening Zariwar Lake’s ecosystem caused by heavy metals and sediment loads discharged i
Data Loading...
