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Octavian Adrian Postolache Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay Krishanthi P. Jayasundera Akshya K. Swain Editors

Sensors for Everyday Life Healthcare Settings

Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation Volume 22

Series editor Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay Department of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering Macquarie University Sydney, NSW Australia e-mail: [email protected]

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10617

Octavian Adrian Postolache Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay Krishanthi P. Jayasundera Akshya K. Swain Editors

Sensors for Everyday Life Healthcare Settings

123

Editors Octavian Adrian Postolache Instituto de Telecomunicações Lisbon Portugal

Krishanthi P. Jayasundera Institute of Fundamental Sciences Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand

and ISCTE-IUL Lisbon Portugal Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay Department of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering Macquarie University Sydney, NSW Australia

Akshya K. Swain Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand

ISSN 2194-8402 ISSN 2194-8410 (electronic) Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation ISBN 978-3-319-47318-5 ISBN 978-3-319-47319-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-47319-2 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016953322 © Springer International Publishing AG 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Preface

Sensors play a pivotal role in our everyday life. They gather data on environment, and information on weather, traffic congestion, air pollution, water pollution etc. is obtained; they gather data on human body, and information on health, treatment or therapy outcomes is obtained; they gather data on objects, and information for monitoring and control of these objec