Sepsis
The new edition of this volume features a concise yet comprehensive review of sepsis. In addition to thoroughly revised chapters from the previous edition that covers the latest in diagnostics, therapeutics, and antimicrobials, the third edition features
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Sepsis
Guillermo Ortiz-Ruiz • Carmelo Dueñas-Castell Editors
Sepsis Third Edition
Editors Guillermo Ortiz-Ruiz Department of Internal Medicine Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care Hospital Santa Clara Universidad del Bosque Bogotá Colombia
Carmelo Dueñas-Castell Department of Critical Care Clínica Gestión Salud Universidad de Cartagena Cartagena Colombia
ISBN 978-1-4939-7332-3 ISBN 978-1-4939-7334-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7334-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017954326 © Springer Science+Business Media LLC 2004, 2006, 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Science+Business Media LLC The registered company address is: 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA
To my parents to whom I owe everything; to my family for their self-denial, support, and sacrifice; and to my patients for their teachings. — (Carmelo Dueñas) To my patients, my students, and my family. — (Guillermo Ortiz)
Preface
Sepsis is a global public health problem; it generates more than 3,000,000 hospitalizations per year. Despite the advances in modern medicine, more than 5.3 million people die from sepsis annually. It remains the leading cause of death in critically ill patients in noncoronary intensive care units, with an estimated overall mortality of about 30%. In order to face a problem of such magnitude, it is essential to have an objective, a clear and universal definition. Although the first description dates back to more than 3,500 years, it was only in 1992 that an effort was made to reach a consensus on a definition. From a definition by a consensus of experts in 1992, a switch was made to another one based on a compilation of clinical studies that included a large number of patients. We present a historical su
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