Seropositivity to dengue and associated risk factors among non-malarias acute febrile patients in Arba Minch districts,
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Seropositivity to dengue and associated risk factors among non-malarias acute febrile patients in Arba Minch districts, southern Ethiopia Daniel Eshetu1,2* , Techalew Shimelis3, Eshetu Nigussie2,4, Girma Shumie2, Wakwoya Chali2, Biruck Yeshitela2, Abraham Assefa2 and Endalamaw Gadisa2
Abstract Background: Dengue fever is an arthropod vector-borne disease transmitted to humans by infected Aedes mosquitoes. Ethiopia has a favorable ecology for arthropods and report high burden of acute febrile illnesses. However, the contribution of arboviral infections to the burden of acute febrile illnesses is barely known. In this study the seropositivity to dengue virus infection and associated risk factors were assessed in Arba Minch districts, southern Ethiopia. Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in a consecutive group of 529 acute febrile patients between May to August 2016. Socio-demographic data, residence place and clinical signs and symptoms were collected using structured questionnaires. Sera were tested for anti-dengue IgG and IgM using Euroimmune indirect immunofluorescent assay. Data analysis was done using SPSS V-20 (IBM Corp, 2012). P-value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Result: Seropositivity was 25.1% (133/529) and 8.1% (43/529) for anti- IgG and IgM respectively. Conclusion: The high IgM prevalence detected indicate the probability of active transmission with a potential of public health significance that calls for a proactive follow up of the communities in the study area to forecast and avert the risk. Keywords: Febrile illness, Dengue virus, Seroprevalence, Immunofluorescence
Background Dengue fever is an infectious disease and endemic in many countries of the world, is a (re) emerging infection [1, 2]. The past decades, witnessed a sharp increase in incidence, with estimated 390 million infection and 500, 000 hospitalizations related with the potentially life * Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] 1 Department of Microbiology, Yirgalem Medical College, Yirgalem, Ethiopia 2 Malaria-NTD Research Directorate, Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
threating severe form per year. About 20–25, 000, mainly in children, dengue virus (DENV) infection associated deaths occur each year [3]. The recorded history of DENV in Africa is traced as far back as 1926; having caused an epidemic in Durban, South Africa [4]. Like the global trend, in Africa epidemics of dengue increased drastically since 1980 [5]. Outbreaks were reported in more countries in Africa including Cape Verde, Cote d’Ivoire, Gabon, Senegal, Djibouti, Kenya and Sudan between 2009 and 2012 [6]. Most recently in 2013, Africa recorded DENV outbreaks
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