Shared Mobility in the Process of City-Transport Coevolution: Emerging Geographies and Policy Challenges
In the broader context of the relationship between transport and urban development, this chapter discusses the impact that shared mobility services may have on the spatial and functional organisation of cities. In the first section, we review the relation
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Abstract In the broader context of the relationship between transport and urban development, this chapter discusses the impact that shared mobility services may have on the spatial and functional organisation of cities. In the first section, we review the relationship between transport and urban development in an historical perspective, with a view to the implications that the diverse mobility systems can have on space and the environment. We then examine the cultural and technological drivers for the spreading of shared mobility in contemporary cities, as well as the response these services can provide to different mobility needs in urban areas. In the concluding section, we discuss in what circumstances shared mobility can be part of a policy-making process to promote a balanced urban development, making cities more inclusive and sustainable. Keywords Shared mobility · Urban development · Space · Sustainability · Planning
1 Introduction Shared mobility is playing an increasing role in the functioning of contemporary urban areas, especially those of significant demographic size. Its progress is driven by a variety of social, economic and technological factors that we cannot simply reduce to an increased environmental awareness on the part of citizens. For instance, the growth of shared mobility services in recent years would have been impossible without the spread of smartphones connected to the Internet and GPS applications, which enable people and companies to interact easily with each other, taking advantage of unlimited spatial information. The complexity of these processes in urban areas and the hybrid character of shared mobility systems make it extremely difficult to place these services in the realm of public policy. Since they are often operated by private companies and led I. Vinci (B) Department of Architecture, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy e-mail: [email protected] © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 G. Smorto and I. Vinci (eds.), The Role of Sharing Mobility in Contemporary Cities, UNIPA Springer Series, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57725-4_3
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by the market, the economic viability of shared mobility appears to be as important as its impact in terms of public interest. On the other hand, as they require a certain degree of flexibility to work effectively, their planning and implementation differ significantly from the other planning tools in the hands of local government. In other words, the definition of shared mobility from a public perspective remains rather vague, raising a series of (regulatory) problems for local government as other questions emerging from the overall context of the sharing economy (McLaren and Agyeman 2015; Shareable 2018; Parker et al. 2016; Srnicek 2016). In this context, this paper explores the different impacts of transport and mobility on the development processes of urban areas, with a view to the approaches and instruments policy-making should consider to i
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