Signal multi-amplified electrochemical biosensor for voltammetric determination of tau-441 protein in biological samples
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Signal multi-amplified electrochemical biosensor for voltammetric determination of tau-441 protein in biological samples using carbon nanomaterials and gold nanoparticles to hint dementia Xuanying Li 1,2 & Mingdi Jiang 1,2 & Jing Cheng 1,2 & Mengsha Ye 1,2 & Weiying Zhang 3 & Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault 4 & Zhenzhong Guo 1 Received: 3 November 2019 / Accepted: 11 April 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A signal multi-amplified electrochemical biosensor was fabricated for tau-441 protein, a dementia biomarker. It utilizes a carbon nanocomposite film modified gold electrode. The carbon nanocomposite film was composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and chitosan (CS). For the nanocomposite film, rGO improved the dispersibility of MWCNTs, and the effective surface area of MWCNTs was increased. On the other hand, MWCNTs also increased the interlayer spacing of rGO, resulting in a thinner rGO layer. MWCNTs-rGO had a better conductivity than that of MWCNTs and rGO due to the synergy effect. Biocompatible CS was employed for immobilization of the specific antibody. Tau-441 protein was modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for signal amplification again. The response of the electrochemical biosensor is linear in the range 0.5–80 fM (0.5, 1.5, 5, 10, 40, 80 fM) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.46 fM, using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) in a potential range of − 100–500 mV. The biosensor was successfully applied to the analysis of serum samples of 14 normal people, 14 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, and 14 dementia patients.
Keywords Cognitive impairment . Multi-walled carbon nanotubes-reduced graphene oxide-chitosan . Synergy effect . Serum sample analysis
Introduction Xuanying Li and Mingdi Jiang contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-020-04273-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Zhenzhong Guo [email protected] 1
Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, People’s Republic of China
2
School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, People’s Republic of China
3
Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, People’s Republic of China
4
Institute of Analytical Sciences, UMR-CNRS 5280, University of Lyon, 5, La Doua Street, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
Tau protein is a major component of the cytoskeleton of the nerve cell [1]. There are six tau protein isoforms. They are distinguished by different numbers of the amino-terminal region and the carboxy-terminal region. Tau protein containing amino-terminal region induces cognitive disorder [2]. Tau-441 protein is the longest tau protein isoform, incl
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