Simulation of recrystallization based on EBSD data using a modified Monte Carlo model that considers anisotropic effects
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Simulation of recrystallization based on EBSD data using a modified Monte Carlo model that considers anisotropic effects in cold-rolled ultra-thin grain-oriented silicon steel Li Meng 1), Jun-ming Liu 2), Ning Zhang 1), Hao Wang 2), Yu Han 3), Cheng-xu He 3), Fu-yao Yang 3), and Xin Chen 3) 1) Metallurgical Technology Institute, Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081, China 2) School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 3) State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology, Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co., Ltd, Beijing 102211, China (Received: 5 September 2019; revised: 18 May 2020; accepted: 18 May 2020)
Abstract: A Monte Carlo Potts model was developed to simulate the recrystallization process of a cold-rolled ultra-thin grain-oriented silicon steel. The orientation and image quality data from electron backscatter diffraction measurements were used as input information for simulation. Three types of nucleation mechanisms, namely, random nucleation, high-stored-energy site nucleation (HSEN), and high-angle boundary nucleation (HABN), were considered for simulation. In particular, the nucleation and growth behaviors of Goss-oriented ({011}) grains were investigated. Results showed that Goss grains had a nucleation advantage in HSEN and HABN. The amount of Goss grains was the highest according to HABN, and it matched the experimental measurement. However, Goss grains lacked a size advantage across all mechanisms during the recrystallization process. Keywords: ultra-thin grain-oriented silicon steel; Monte Carlo simulation; recrystallization; nucleation; grain growth; Goss grain
1. Introduction Grain-oriented silicon steel is an important soft magnetic alloy that is widely used in the fields of electric power, electronics, and military. Research has confirmed that whether a sharp Goss texture ({011}) can be obtained after recrystallization will directly affect the magnetic properties of materials [1]. In addition to increasing magnetic induction by texture optimization, decreasing core loss is required in the production of grain-oriented silicon steel. Thin silicon steel products reduce eddy-current losses and contribute to lower core losses [2–3]. The 0.18 mm grain-oriented silicon steel has been applied to power frequency devices, such as power transformers. Silicon steel products with low core losses at high frequencies and low coercive forces are required in high-frequency electrical equipment. For such applications, ultra-thin silicon steel sheets with a thickness lower than 0.10 mm show outstanding high-frequency magnetic properties [4–5]. In producing ultra-thin grain-oriented silicon steel,
0.18–0.35 mm industrial grain-oriented silicon steel sheets with a sharp Goss texture are cold rolled to a specific thickness of less than 0.10 mm. During rolling deformation, Goss orientation tends to rotate toward the {111} orient
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