Sleep Problems and Drinking Frequency among Urban Multiracial and Monoracial Adolescents: Role of Discrimination Experie
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EMPIRICAL RESEARCH
Sleep Problems and Drinking Frequency among Urban Multiracial and Monoracial Adolescents: Role of Discrimination Experiences and Negative Mood Patricia A. Goodhines1 Jessica M. Desalu1 Michelle J. Zaso1,2 Les A. Gellis1 Aesoon Park ●
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Received: 7 May 2020 / Accepted: 20 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Mounting evidence suggests that multiracial adolescents may be at greater risk than their monoracial peers for both sleep problems and alcohol use. However, mechanisms underlying these uniquely-heightened risky health behaviors among multiracial adolescents remain a gap in the literature. This cross-sectional study examined a risk pathway involving discrimination experiences and negative mood underlying racial disparities in concurrent sleep problems and drinking frequency. Students at an urban, socioeconomically-disadvantaged high school (N = 414; grades 9–11, Mage = 16.00 [SD = 1.08]; 57% female; 17% multiracial, 41% Black, 22% White, 18% Asian, 2% Other; 12% Hispanic/Latinx) completed a survey. Path analysis demonstrated that associations of multiracial status with sleep problems (insomnia symptom severity and insufficient weekday sleep duration), but not drinking frequencies (past-year drinking or past-2-week binge-drinking frequencies), were explained by discrimination experiences and, in turn, negative mood. In ancillary analysis excluding White students, the serial indirect risk pathway was significant for both insomnia symptom severity and past-year drinking frequency outcomes. Discrimination experiences and negative mood may function as intermediate factors contributing to racial disparities in adolescent sleep problems, although longitudinal replication is needed. Keywords
Multiracial Discrimination Emotion dysregulation Sleep Alcohol Adolescence ●
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Introduction Multiracial individuals are one of the fastest growing populations in the United States (United States Census Bureau 2012); however, the health behaviors of multiracial individuals, especially adolescents, remain underresearched. Research among multiracial adolescents is important because findings from monoracial adolescents may not apply to adolescents with complex racial identities and distinct experiences (Shih and Sanchez 2009). Moreover, there is mounting evidence that multiracial adolescents may be at greater risk than their monoracial peers for
* Aesoon Park [email protected] 1
Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
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Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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health outcomes, including sleep problems (Udry et al. 2003) and alcohol use (Goings et al. 2018). Despite known associations of sleep problems and alcohol use by which both are reciprocally exacerbated over time (Koob and Colrain 2019), mechanisms underlying these heightened risk behaviors among multiracial adolescents remain a gap in the literature.
Risk Mechanisms Unde
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