Small cell carcinoma of the bladder with coexisting prostate adenocarcinoma: two cases report and literature review
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CASE REPORT
Open Access
Small cell carcinoma of the bladder with coexisting prostate adenocarcinoma: two cases report and literature review Yanxia Liu1, Hongming Xu1, Bin Wu2, Shuguang Liu3 and Qiang Luo2*
Abstract Background: Primary small cell carcinoma of the bladder (SCCB) is a rare disease of the genitourinary tract and reported limitedly. SCCB is very aggressive and always mixed with other histologic components, but coexistence of SCCB and prostate adenocarcinoma is extremely rare. Cases presentation: Two aged males (72 and 58 years) were included in this study. Both of them presented with gross hematuria as initial symptom. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated protruding lesions in the urinary bladder. Pathological examination after radical cystectomy and prostatectomy showed the concurrence of SCCB and prostate adenocarcinoma. One patient died of liver and lung metastasis 8 months after surgery, and the other patient was still alive after 19 months of follow-up. Conclusion: In this paper, we reported two unusual cases of coexistence of SCCB and prostate adenocarcinoma, and reviewed relative literatures with respect to the epidemiology, clinical features, pathologic features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of SCCB. Keywords: Small cell carcinoma, Urinary bladder, Prostate, Adenocarcinoma
Background Small cell carcinoma occurs mainly in the lung, which occupies about 15–20% pulmonary malignant tumors. Besides, this disease could also exist in extra pulmonary sites, such as skin, gastrointestinal and urinary tract [1, 2]. Small cell carcinoma of the bladder (SCCB) accounts for 0.35–0.7% of bladder tumors and indicates aggressive biological behavior and poor prognosis [3]. SCCB is usually admixed with other pathological subtypes, like urothelial carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma [4]. Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer related death in men around the world. Nevertheless, coexistence of * Correspondence: [email protected] 2 Department of Urology, Jiangyin People’s Hospital, Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of the Southeast University Medical College, Jiangyin 214400, Jiangsu Province, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
SCCB and prostate adenocarcinoma in one patient was extremely scarce, which brought certain challenges to the treatment and prognosis of patients [5, 6]. Here, we described two cases of such rare malignancy who underwent surgery in our institution.
Cases presentation Case 1 #
A 72-years-old hypertensive man visited our hospital with gross hematuria and odynuria for 2 months (Table 1). Urinary Doppler ultrasound revealed a neoplasm located in the left posterior bladder wall, no enlarged prostate or obvious hydronephrosis. The serum total prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 16.40 ng/ml. The patient stated a smoking history of 40 years and quitted smoking for 8 years. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated an oval-shaped tumor mass involving the entire layer of bladder (Fig. 1).
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