Sodium caseinate and soluble soybean polysaccharide complex as nano-carriers of curcumin
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Sodium caseinate and soluble soybean polysaccharide complex as nano-carriers of curcumin Yong‑Hui Wang1,2 · Wei‑Yun Guo1,2 · Xue‑Li Gao1 · Guang‑Hui Li1,2 · Sheng‑Hua He1 Received: 8 July 2020 / Accepted: 4 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Protein-based delivery systems can be used to increase the solubility and bioavailability of curcumin (Cur). In the current work, the synergistic effect of sodium caseinate (NaCas) and soluble soybean polysaccharide (SSPS) on improving the water solubility, stability and in vitro accessibility of Cur was investigated. Compared with SSPS, NaCas had a more prominent water solubilizing effect for Cur, at least ten times higher under the same conditions. This solubility increase was attributed to the formation of nanoscale colloidal complexes (~ 100 nm), exhibiting excellent dispersibility. The presence of SSPS did not significantly (p > 0.05) change the zeta potential (− 40 mV) or polydisperse index of the NaCas-based Cur nanocomplexes. However, SSPS significantly improved the environmental stability (pH, ionic strength and temperature) of the nanocomplexes, as well as the biological accessibility of Cur. Due to the good synergistic effect of SSPS and NaCas on the solubilization of Cur, the combination of NaCas/SSPS is expected to be an effective carrier for the preparation of watersoluble Cur nanocomplexes, and opens up the possibility of producing clarified Cur-enriched beverages. Keywords Protein · Polysaccharide · Curcumin · Water solubility · Colloidal delivery
Introduction Curcumin (Cur) is a traditional natural pigment with high biosafety. As a kind of hydrophobic polyphenol, Cur offers a variety of physiological activity, such as antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and anti-cancer capabilities [1–3]. Due to its poor water solubility, low bioavailability and poor chemical stability, however, the applications of Cur in functional food and nutraceutical formulations are limited [4]. To increase its solubility and bioavailability, many attempts have been made to design and develop nano-sized delivery systems for Cur [3]. Many materials can be used as Cur nano-carriers, including synthesized polymer micelles [5] and natural polymer materials, such as solid lipids [1], liposome proteins [6] and polysaccharides [7]. Among these, protein is an ideal
* Guang‑Hui Li [email protected] 1
Food and Pharmacy College, Xuchang University, Xuchang, Henan, China
Key Laboratory of Biomarker-Based Rapid-Detection Technology for Food Safety of Henan Province, Xuchang, Henan, China
2
material due to its biocompatibility, degradability, and good nutritional and functional properties. Sodium caseinate (NaCas) is a commercially available ingredient, produced by acid precipitation of caseins from bovine milk followed by neutralization using sodium hydroxide for spray-drying [8]. NaCas has been widely used as a nano-carrier for Cur [9, 10]. However, due to the influence of the protein isoelectric point and ionic stre
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