Soil Health and Climate Change
“Soil Health and Climate Change” presents a comprehensive overview of the concept of soil health, including the significance of key soil attributes and management of soil health in conventional and emerging land use systems in the context of climate chang
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A Abiotic, 131, 132, 137, 146 Accelerated erosion, 8 Acid soils, 73, 74, 135 Acid sulphate soils, 75–77 Adaptation, 250 Adaptation to climate change, 333–334, 336 Agenda 21, 17 Aggregates, 7 Aggregate stability, 27 Agro-ecosystem, 109, 111, 115–124 Agroforestry, 98 Alkaline soils, 71 Ammonia volatilisation, 213 Animal excreta, 210, 211, 213, 215, 216 Animal housing, 213 Archaea, 156, 158–160, 169 Atmospheric nitrogen deposition, 88–89, 92–93, 100 Autotrophic respiration, 133, 135, 136, 143–145
B Bauxite, 288, 289, 293, 294, 303–306 Belowground carbon allocation, 131–135, 137, 138, 140, 141, 145, 146 Biochar, 99, 345 Biochar stability, 347 Bioenergy, 359, 369–389 Bioenergy policy, 371–372 Biological activity, 133, 138 Biological indicators, 34 Biomass, 369–386, 388, 389 Biota, 155–171 Biotic, 131, 132, 146 Biotic and abiotic stresses, 3
Birch effect, 143 Black carbon, 345 Brackish/saline water, 11 Bulk density, 31
C Carbon cycle, 112–115, 122, 124, 134, 139, 146, 147 Carbon cycling, 78–80 Carbon sequestration, 96, 98–100, 134, 141, 146, 226, 227 Carbon turnover, 132–134, 146 Cation exchange capacity (CEC), 33, 350, 352 Climate change, 87–101, 132–135, 140, 147, 181, 182, 197, 199, 200, 357, 369–379, 383–385–387, 389, 390 adaptation, 59–62 direct and indirect effects of, 258–277 Conservation agriculture, 61, 63 Conservation tillage, 97 Critical/threshold range, 15 Crop management, 97 Cropping systems, 181, 184, 185, 187, 190–193, 197, 198
D Decomposition, 133, 134, 138, 139, 141, 143, 144 Degradation, 245, 250 Degradation processes, 3 Denitrification, 158, 159, 165, 168 Desertified soil, 18 Direct effects atmospheric CO2, 260–261 humidity, 264
B.P. Singh et al. (eds.), Soil Health and Climate Change, Soil Biology 29, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-20256-8, # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011
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400 Direct effects (cont.) rainfall, 263–264 temperature, 261–263 Disturbance, 287, 289–294, 299, 300, 309, 310 Drip irrigation, 11 Drought, 139, 143, 144, 238, 240, 241, 243, 244 Droughtiness, 16 Dry ecosystems, 144 Dung, 207, 212, 220
E Eco-efficiency, 17 Ecosystem, 131, 132, 134, 135, 138–147 Electrical conductivity, 33 Elevated atmospheric [CO2], 140–142, 146 Elevated CO2 effects on soil organic carbon, 91–92 Emissions, 131–133, 146 Environmental impacts, 207 Enzyme activity, 38 Erodibility, 16 Erosion, 238, 240, 241, 244–247, 378, 379, 382, 385, 389 Evapotranspiration, 241, 243, 244 Exotic, 239, 241, 246 F Farm economics, 227 Farmer knowledge and adaptation, 330, 332, 334–336 Feedback, 139, 146, 147, 241, 243, 244, 250 positive, 243 Feedstock, 348 Fertiliser use efficiency, 355 Fertilizer nitrogen, 107–111, 113, 115–120, 122–124 Fire, 95, 240, 243, 244, 249 burning, 248 controlled low intensity, 273–275 forest regeneration, 274 impaired nutrient levels, 266 moderate to high intensity, 275 regimes, 258, 259, 272–274, 277 slash high intensity burns, 276, 277 wildfire, 240, 241, 244, 249 Forest, 288, 289, 293–303, 306 disturbance, 258, 260, 263, 265, 271, 277–279
Index ecosystems, 134, 139, 142, 145 management, 258–26
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