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Soils, Ecosystem Processes, and Agricultural Development Tropical Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa

Soils, Ecosystem Processes, and Agricultural Development

Shinya Funakawa Editor

Soils, Ecosystem Processes, and Agricultural Development Tropical Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa

Editor Shinya Funakawa Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan

ISBN 978-4-431-56482-9 ISBN 978-4-431-56484-3 DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-56484-3

(eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2017930415 © Springer Japan KK 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Japan KK The registered company address is: Chiyoda First Bldg. East, 3-8-1 Nishi-Kanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0065, Japan

Preface

The negative impacts of agricultural development on our environment are rapidly growing, yet we are increasingly dependent on the agricultural sector for food and energy. The situation is similar in the tropics, where subsistence agriculture with low–input management has long comprised most agricultural systems. The main objective of this book, therefore, is to integrate environmental knowledge observed in local agriculture, based on the understanding of soil science and ecology, and to propose possible technical solutions and a more integrated approach to tropical agriculture. We first start with a rather classical pedological issue, i.e., an investigation of weathering processes of soil minerals under different geological and bioclimatic conditions, which could be regarded as the cumulative result of biological activities and, in turn, may control natural biological processes. Traditional agricultural practices with different resource management strategies are then analyzed in terms of their modification of natural biological processes. The g