Solvothermal Synthesis of Mesoporous TiO 2 Using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate for Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Solvothermal Synthesis of Mesoporous TiO2 Using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate for Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Chao‑Wei Huang1,2 · Wei‑Cheng Sin1 · Van‑Huy Nguyen3 · Yu‑Chung Wu4 · Wei‑Yu Chen5 · Andrew C. Chien6
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Mesoporous titanium dioxide ( TiO2) photocatalysts were synthesized via a solvothermal method using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as templates. The effect of the SDS concentration and solution pH value on the resulting TiO2 catalyst and its photocatalytic activity were studied. The photocatalytic activity was assessed by degradation methylene blue under low-power (8W × 4) UV light irradiation. The best performance showed that over 95% of methylene blue was degraded in 120 min and in the presence of S20 (20 mmol SDS addition, pH = 4). With the optimal addition of SDS, the crystal size was reduced, and the surface area was increased. In addition, some bidentate-sulfates (–SO42−) residues were observed within the prepared mesoporous TiO2. The Detail characterization of of the as-prepared TiO2 samples were conducted by X-ray diffraction, Ultraviolet–Visible Spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Keywords Mesoporous TiO2 · Solvothermal Synthesis · Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate · Photocatalytic Degradation · Methylene Blue
1 Introduction
* Wei‑Yu Chen [email protected] * Andrew C. Chien [email protected] 1
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan
2
Photo‑SMART (Photo‑Sensitive Material Advanced Research and Technology) Center, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan
3
Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
4
Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
5
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan 71005, Taiwan
6
Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 40724, Taiwan
Nowadays, global demand for dyes, organic solvents, and pesticides has risen sharply during industrialization. Disposal of these organic compounds after use becomes an issue since they are potentially carcinogenic and toxic substances after discharged to the ecosystem [1]. In order to eliminate these organic pollutants, various technologies have been developed, such as adsorption [2], ion exchange [3–5], biological degradation [6], chlorination [7], ozonation [8], and photocatalytic degradation [9]. Among these, photocatalytic degradation attracts growing attention to decompose organic contaminants with advantages of low cost and convenient operation. Photocatalytic degradation can be conducted in a onephotocatalyst system or a heterojunction system that uses two or more photocatalysts to carry out the reaction [10, 11]. C
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