Spatiotemporal Changes in the Bacterial Community of the Meromictic Lake Uchum, Siberia
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ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
Spatiotemporal Changes in the Bacterial Community of the Meromictic Lake Uchum, Siberia Ya-Fan Chan 1 & Pei-Wen Chiang 1 & Kshitij Tandon 1,2,3 & Denis Rogozin 4,5 & Andrey Degermendzhi 4 & Vladimir Zykov 4 & Sen-Lin Tang 1 Received: 30 April 2020 / Accepted: 30 August 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Lake Uchum is a newly defined meromictic lake in Siberia with clear seasonal changes in its mixolimnion. This study characterized the temporal dynamics and vertical profile of bacterial communities in oxic and anoxic zones of the lake across all four seasons: October (autumn), March (winter), May (spring), and August (summer). Bacterial richness and diversity in the anoxic zone varied widely between time points. Proteobacteria was the dominant bacterial phylum throughout the oxic and anoxic zones across all four seasons. Alphaproteobacteria (Loktanella) and Gammaproteobacteria (Aliidiomarina) exhibited the highest abundance in the oxic and anoxic zone, respectively. Furthermore, there was a successional shift in sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in the anoxic zone across the seasons. The most dominant SRB, Desulfonatronovibrio sp., is likely one of the main producers of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and typically accumulates the most H2S in winter. The representative anoxygenic phototrophic bacterial group in Lake Uchum was purple sulfur bacteria (PSB). PSB were dominant (60.76%) in summer, but only had 0.2–1.5% relative abundance from autumn to spring. Multivariate analysis revealed that the abundance of these SRB and PSB correlated to the concentration of H2S in Lake Uchum. Taken together, this study provides insights into the relationships between changes in bacterial community and environmental features in Lake Uchum. Keywords Lake Uchum . bacterial community . meromictic lake . purple sulfur bacteria
Introduction Meromictic lakes form ideal limnological study sites because they are characterized by long-term stable stratification and incomplete vertical mixing [1]. In general, the water column Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-020-01592-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Sen-Lin Tang [email protected] 1
Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
2
Bioinformatics Program, Institute of Information Science, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
3
Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
4
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
5
Siberia Federal University, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia
of meromictic lakes comprises three layers: the mixolimnion, chemocline, and monimolimnion. Interestingly, the perennially deeper layer (monimolimnion) is characterized by not mixing with the upper layer (mixolimnion) [1]. This feature lead
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