Stars with Stripes The Essential Partnership between the European Un

For sixty years, the United States has supported European integration on a bipartisan basis—not only because this has served European interests, but because it has promoted American interests as well. As core partners in transatlantic efforts to address r

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ANTHONY A NTHON Y LUZZATTO LUZ ZAT T TO G GARDNER A RDN E R

Stars with Stripes

Anthony Luzzatto Gardner

Stars with Stripes The Essential Partnership between the European Union and the United States

Anthony Luzzatto Gardner London, UK

ISBN 978-3-030-34820-5 ISBN 978-3-030-29966-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29966-8 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover credit: Isaac Ruiz Soler/eStudioCalamar This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

To my two Alejandras and Nicolas

Acknowledgements

Several weeks before the US presidential election in November 2016 I started to suspect that Hillary Clinton would lose and that I would therefore not be able to prolong my diplomatic mission as US ambassador to the European Union. Many people, including several very experienced pollsters, were telling me that I was worrying for no reason. Nonetheless, I started making plans about what to do in case the unthinkable did occur. Soon after President Trump’s victory, I called Jörg Monar, the Rector of the College of Europe in Bruges, Belgium, as well as Joe Weiler, President of the European Institute, and Brigid Laffan, the director of the Schuman Centre at the European Institute in the outskirts of Florence, Italy. These two institutions are among the leading centers of learning related to the European Union. I am thankful that both generously agreed to host me during my brief but productive stays. Although I considered applying to the College of Europe for a oneyear masters degree as I was finishing my studies at Harvard in 1985, I wound up doing a two-year program in international relations at Oxford instead. It was at Oxford tha