State-Of-The-Art Review of Mathematical Optimisation Approaches for Synthesis of Energy Systems
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REVIEW PAPER
State-Of-The-Art Review of Mathematical Optimisation Approaches for Synthesis of Energy Systems Viknesh Andiappan 1
Received: 16 March 2017 / Revised: 12 July 2017 / Accepted: 23 July 2017 # Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017
Abstract An energy system is a crucial component in fulfilling the energy requirements of a given industrial process. If not designed appropriately, energy systems may not be able to perform designated operations in an optimised manner. Mathematical optimisation approaches have had a long history in addressing the synthesis of energy systems. Mathematical optimisation approaches are part of a larger domain known as process systems engineering (PSE). The main objective of this review is to provide a state-of-the-art overview of the mathematical optimisation approaches developed, particularly those developed for synthesis of energy systems, including the handling of uncertainty and the optimisation of multiple objectives. Subsequently, the synthesis of energy systems is further discussed on specific areas such as reliability, operability, flexibility and retrofit and eco-industrial parks. Following this, an overall analysis of the contributions in these areas is provided. Finally, future research directions are identified at the end of this review. Keywords Energy system . Mathematical optimisation . Synthesis
Introduction Industrial processes contain a network of equipment which often requires energy to perform operations. Conventionally,
* Viknesh Andiappan [email protected] 1
Energy and Environmental Research Group, School of Engineering, Taylor’s University, Lakeside Campus, No. 1 Jalan Taylor’s, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
industrial processes fulfil internal energy requirements by installing an adjacent energy system (Jradi and Riffat 2014; Liu et al. 2014). Energy systems are facilities installed on-site to produce energy such as heat, power and cooling for process operation purposes. Such systems typically operate as cogeneration or tri-generation systems. Co-generation systems produce heat and power simultaneously from a single fuel source (Chicco and Mancarella 2009). In co-generation, high-pressure steam is produced through combustion of fuel in boilers. The pressure of the produced steam is then reduced in steam turbines to generate power. In addition, steam is extracted from different steam headers to provide heating energy based on process requirements (Al-Sulaiman et al. 2011). Meanwhile, tri-generation is an extension of co-generation where heat or power is further utilised in either mechanical chillers or thermally fed absorption chillers to produce cooling energy (e.g. chilled water) for space/process cooling (Chicco and Mancarella 2009). Energy systems allow industrial processes to utilise locally available fuel resources. Using locally available fuel for energy production reduces importation of external power from the grid, reduces operating costs and improves reliability of energy supply. However, these advantages may not be achieved unles
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