Structural study of l -ascorbic acid 2-phosphate magnesium, a raw material in cell and tissue therapy
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Structural study of l‑ascorbic acid 2‑phosphate magnesium, a raw material in cell and tissue therapy Xiaolong Xu1 · Magdalena Woźniczka2 · Kristof Van Hecke3 · Dieter Buyst4 · Dimitrije Mara3 · Chris Vervaet5 · Karen Herman1 · Evelien Wynendaele1 · Eric Deconinck6 · Bart De Spiegeleer1 Received: 2 December 2019 / Accepted: 29 June 2020 © Society for Biological Inorganic Chemistry (SBIC) 2020
Abstract l-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate magnesium (APMg) salt is a vitamin C derivative frequently used as a raw material in cell and tissue therapy. APMg is not only used as a replacement of the unstable ascorbate, but also shows additional cell-biological functionalities. However, its unknown structural characteristics hamper the mechanistic elucidation of its biological role. Therefore, different techniques were applied for APMg structure characterization. Firstly, the stoichiometric composition was characterized by its solvent, ligand and magnesium content. No crystals of APMg could be obtained; however, a single crystal of APNa, the sodium salt of l-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate, was successfully obtained and its crystal structure was elucidated. FT-IR was applied to further clarify the structure of solid APMg. Finally, the structure of APMg in aqueous solution was explored by potentiometric titration as well as FT-IR. Graphic abstract
Keywords l-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate magnesium · Analytical chemistry · Structural characterization · Single crystal XRD · FT-IR · Potentiometric titration · Thermogravimetric analysis
Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00775-020-01801-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Bart De Spiegeleer [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
l -ascorbic acid 2-phosphate magnesium salt (APMg) (Fig. 1) is a vitamin C derivative originally developed as a long-acting ascorbic acid due to its increased stability and its slow hydrolysis by phosphatases present in the cell membranes of most animal and human cells. APMg is currently also used as raw material of culture media used in
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JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)
Fig. 1 Hydrated l-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate magnesium (APMg)
the development and production of cell and tissue therapies, belonging to the advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) and regenerative medicines. Media composition applied in the in-vitro culture of pluripotent embryonic stem (ES), multipotent mesenchymal stromal (MSC) and hematopoietic stem (HSC) cells, as well as in the reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), has been shown to influence their gene expression by epigenetic regulation. Next to its anti-oxidant properties, ascorbate, as a co-factor for Fe (II) 2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase enzymes, promotes the ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes activity leading to DNA demethylation in ES c
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