Structure, modification, and commercialization of high nickel ternary material (LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 and LiNi 0.8
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REVIEW PAPER
Structure, modification, and commercialization of high nickel ternary material (LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 and LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2) for lithium ion batteries Jie Liu 1 & Zhengguang Zou 1
&
Shuchao Zhang 1 & Huanhuan Zhang 1
Received: 9 June 2020 / Revised: 28 August 2020 / Accepted: 4 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811), as one of the most promising cathode materials for lithium ion batteries, has gained a huge market with its obvious advantages of high energy density and low cost. It has become a competitive material among various cathode materials. However, in NCM811, the phenomenon of “cationic mixed discharge” is serious, resulting the cyclic performance performing badly. In addition, the thermal stability of ternary material will also be poor with the increase of nickel when temperature is high. In view of the above-mentioned situation, researchers come up with different methods to modify LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 by doping and coating to reduce mixing effect and improve its electrochemical performance. Here, we sketch out the structure, properties, and existing problems of NCM811 and summarize some cutting-edge modification methods. Finally, the development direction and commercial application of NCM811 cathode materials are prospected to accelerate its commercialization process. Keywords Lithium-ion batteries . Ternary material . Doping . Coating
Introduction As an high-efficiency, renewable, and environmental friendly new energy storage device, lithium ion battery (LIBs) have been widely used in modern intelligent fields, such as mobile phones, portable computers, and electric cars [1–5]. Among the four main parts of LIBs—anode material, cathode material, electrolyte, and diaphragm—the cathode materials account for 40% of the cost of a lithium-ion battery [6–9]. The cathode material has always been the core of lithium ion battery, and its choice directly determines the performance of batteries. So how to improve electrochemical performance and control the cost when selecting a certain material has become a major problem in the current research. At present, the most widely used and commercialized cathode materials are lithium cobalt oxide [10–12], lithium
* Zhengguang Zou [email protected] 1
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, People’s Republic of China
manganese oxide [13, 14], lithium iron phosphate [15–17], and some portal ternary materials [18, 19]. Lithium cobalt oxides [10] (LiCoO2, LCO) is the first cathode material to be discovered and has been commercialized widely in LIBs. It is also a cathode material with the highest compaction density at present. However, due to the limited cobalt resources, its application in the field of electric vehicles is limited in cost. Furthermore, only half of lithium in lithium cobalt oxide is extracted and inserted, which means it cannot provide more enough capacity for higher electronic devices. The appearance of ternary material
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