Studies on Immunoglobulins and Trypsin Inhibitor in Colostrum and Milk from Sows and in Serum of Their Piglets
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From the State Veterinary Serum Laboratory, Copenhagen, Denmark.
STUDIES ON IMMUNOGLOBULINS AND TRYPSIN INHIBITOR IN COLOSTRUM AND MILK FROM SOWS AND IN SERUM OF THEIR PIGLETS· By
P. Thode Jensen and K. B. Pedersen
THODE JENSEN, P. and K. B. PEDERSEN: Studies on immunoglobulins and trypsin inhibitor in colostrum and milk from sows and in serum of their piglets. Acta vet. scand. 1979 , 20, 60-72. - The
concentrations of IgG, IgM, IgA and the specific sow colostrum trypsin inhibitor (SCTI) were measured by radial immunodiffusion in colostrum and milk samples from sows and in serum samples from their offspring during the suckling period. A clear time dependence was found for all the measured variates in both whey and serum. Statistically significant positive correlations were found between, on the one hand, concentrations of IgG and IgA, but not IgM, in sera from 39 suckling piglets 1 and 3 days old, and, on the other hand, concentrations of the same immunoglobulins and of the trypsin inhibitor in maternal colostrum (n = 7) . Multiple regression analyses showed that at day 1 and day 3 the levels of both IgG and IgA in serum samples from the suckling piglets were positively influenced by both the SCTI and the IgG or IgA contents in maternal colostrum. pig i m m uno g lob u lin s; sow colo s t rum try psi n in hi bit 0 r; i m m uno g lob u lin a b so r p t ion.
The antibody dependent immunity in newborn and young pigs rests almost entirely upon antibodies from the maternal colostrum, absorbed from the gut during the first and second day of life or exerting a local function in the gastrointestinal canal (for rev. see Bourne 1976). The immunoglobulins known to be related to immunity in pigs are IgG, IgM and IgA (Porter & A llen 1972). These are all relatively resistant to acid denaturation in the stomach, and the secretory IgA is resistant also to • This investigation was supported by the Danish Agricultural and Veterinary Research Council.
Immunoglobulins and trypsin inhibitor
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enzymic proteolysis in the gut (Tomasi & Bienenstock 1968). For protection of the other immunoglobulins in the gut the presence of the specific sow colostrum trypsin inhibitor (SCT!) is assumed to be essential (Baintner 1973). An immunochemical method to measure the concentration of SCTI in biological fluids has previously been described (Jensen 1977) . The object of the present study was, through simultaneous measurements of the levels of IgG, IgM, IgA and SCTI in colostrum and milk from sows and of the levels of immunoglobulins in serum from their offspring, to relate the serum immunoglobulin uptake in the piglets to the SCTI levels in the ingested maternal colostrum. MATERIAL AND METHODS Animals The investigation included 9 SPF Danish Landrace sows and the suckling piglets of some of these sows. In all parts of the study the animals used were randomly selected. Colostrum, milk and serum Colostrum and milk samples were collected at parturition and at varying intervals during lactation, each sample consisting of a pool of secreti ons f
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