Studies on the Possible Application of BNCT to Thyroid Cancer
Thyroid cancer may occur as a differentiated or an undifferentiated or anaplasic form. The differentiated forms, such as papillary or follicular carcinomas, are in general of a relatively benign prognosis. Most if not all still have a normal uptake of iod
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Mario A. Pisarev, Maria A. Dagrosa, and Guillermo J. Juvenal
Contents 25.1 Introductions ............................................................................................................... 425 25.2 Experimental “In Vitro” Studies ............................................................................... 426 25.3 Experimental “In Vivo” Studies ................................................................................ 426 25.4 Radiobiological Studies............................................................................................... 428 25.5 Clinical Studies ............................................................................................................ 429 25.6 Recent Advances.......................................................................................................... 429 References ............................................................................................................................... 430
M.A. Pisarev (*) Department of Radiobiology, National Atomic Energy Commission, Av Libertador 8250 (1429), Buenos Aires, Argentina Department of Human Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, School of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina e-mail: [email protected] M.A. Dagrosa • G.J. Juvenal Department of Radiobiology, National Atomic Energy Commission, Av Libertador 8250 (1429), Buenos Aires, Argentina National Research Council of Argentina, Rivadavia 1917 (1033), Buenos Aires, Argentina e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] W.A.G. Sauerwein et al. (eds.), Neutron Capture Therapy, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-31334-9_25, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012
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25.1
M.A. Pisarev et al.
Introduction
Thyroid cancer may occur as a differentiated or an undifferentiated or anaplastic form. The differentiated forms, such as papillary or follicular carcinomas, are in general of a relatively benign prognosis. Most if not all still have a normal uptake of iodine, and therefore surgical thyroidectomy is completed with a therapeutic dose of 131 I. In many cases, these forms are well controlled and complete remission of the tumor is obtained. In other instances, the prognosis is not so good. The undifferentiated (UTC) form or the recurrence of some differentiated forms of this pathology has lost their capability to concentrate radioiodine, and therefore the therapeutic dose of this halogen is useless. These last forms are very aggressive and have a fatal outcome in rather a short time after their diagnosis. As a consequence, new treatments are being explored in order to offer these patients a better future. Thanks to the advances in the knowledge of their molecular biology, new chemotherapeutic compounds have been developed and are currently being studied in several clinical trials. Besides, we have started some years ago the study of the possibility of the application of BNCT to the treatment of these pathologies [1, 2].
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Experimental “In Vitro” Studies
We started by analyzing the uptake of a boronated compound, p-borophenylalan
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