Study on co-seismic energy losses from hypocenter to ocean bottom for Sumatra earthquake 2004 using 3-D crustal deformat
- PDF / 2,769,265 Bytes
- 11 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 76 Downloads / 132 Views
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Study on co‑seismic energy losses from hypocenter to ocean bottom for Sumatra earthquake 2004 using 3‑D crustal deformation model Mahendra Kumar Sonker1 · Rajni Devi2 · Mandeep Singh3 · Ramesh Chand4 Received: 31 May 2019 / Accepted: 24 September 2020 / Published online: 7 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Our co-seismic GRACE gravity data (Level 2 ‘RL_05’ data product “GX-OG-_2-GSM) for Sumatra earthquake 2004 is obtained by differencing monthly gravity field average for November 2004 from that of January 2005 and band-pass filtering (17–30, degrees and orders) in spectral domain. Here we propose an 11-layered 3-D thrust fault gravity model based on several co-seismic rupture models in literature. Previously we have covered the 3-D modelling details and its inferences like slip rate, seismic moment, momentum etc. in our published literature. Further we extend the inferences through our model for this case study. Here, we have estimated the layer-wise energy distribution by undertaking two types energy loss one is spherical spreading and second absorption with constrained by literature. We have computed layer-wise energy loss, equivalent energy, differential pressure, slip rate, ultimate slip and work done. The computed differential pressure and work done for Sumatra Earthquake 2004 are 1.7552 × 108 N/m2 and 1.657 × 1018 J, respectively. We also estimated the absorption coefficient (calculated absorption coefficients) from our model to honour the slip rate of Sumatra earthquake 2004. The differential pressure is estimated for ocean bottom and sea level surface. The volumetric analysis is also provided for entire 3-D body (layer-wise) using excess mass of our model. The computed differential pressure indeed corresponds to an area pulse at ocean bottom that led to a Tsunami generation. Keywords GRACE satellite gravity · Spherical harmonics coefficients · 3-D thrust fault model · Co-seismic gravity anomaly
Introduction * Mahendra Kumar Sonker [email protected] Rajni Devi [email protected] Mandeep Singh [email protected] Ramesh Chand [email protected] 1
Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
2
Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
3
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal 575025, India
4
Department of Applied Sciences, MIET, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh 250005, India
Global gravity monitoring through satellite gravity has received a big boost with the GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) experiment (Cazenave and Chen 2010). Important GRACE applications include seismic characterization of offshore tsunami-genic mega-thrust earthquakes including 2004 Sumatra earthquake (Tapley et al. 2004; Han et al. 2006; De Viron et al. 2008; Simons et al. 2011; Heki and Matsuo 2010; Broerse et al. 2011, 2014; Wang et
Data Loading...
