Study on the Fluid Flow Characteristics of Coherent Jets with CO 2 and O 2 Mixed Injection in Electric Arc Furnace Steel
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STRENGTHENING chemical energy input into the molten bath using coherent jets is a distinguishing feature in electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking processes.[1,2] On a world-wide scale, almost all of the electric arc furnaces whose capacity is more than 50 tons are equipped with coherent jets, which can strengthen bath stirring, homogenize molten bath composition,
GUANGSHENG WEI, RONG ZHU, and KAI DONG are with the School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China and also with the Beijing Key Laboratory of Research Center of Special Melting and Preparation of High-end Metal Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China. XUETAO WU and TIANPING TANG are with the School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing. LINGZHI YANG is with the School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. Contact e-mail:[email protected] TING CHENG is with the State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted October 3, 2017.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B
accelerate metallurgical reaction kinetics, and optimize foaming slag formation.[3–5] Comparing with conventional supersonic jets, the key of coherent jets is that the central supersonic gas jet is protected by the shrouding combustion flame, which can reduce the entrainment of the surroundings into the central supersonic oxygen jet.[6,7] However, when a supersonic oxygen jet is injected into the molten bath, the temperature of hot spot (the jet impingement zone) becomes extremely high because of the severe chemical exothermic reactions between the oxygen jet and the molten bath elements, like C, Fe, Si, Mn, P, and so on. As a result, a large amount of dust would be produced.[8–10] With the increasing requirements of environmental protection, the problem of dust control in EAF steelmaking is increasingly prominent. In recent years, Chinese researchers have mixed CO2 into O2 to reduce the generation of dust during steelmaking processes.[11,12] On the basis of these studies, the coherent jet with CO2 and O2 mixed injection (COMI) was proposed and tested in the industrial production and demonstrated significant advantages in dust reduction.
The fluid flow characteristics of coherent jets have been widely investigated by numerical investigations and experiments. Anderson[13] compared the jet behavior of coherent supersonic jet with conventional supersonic jet through experimental studies firstly. Alam[14] developed a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of coherent jets by one-step combustion reaction between CH4 and O2 and analyzed the characteristics of coherent jet at steelmaking conditions. Liu[15] built a CFD model with the detailed chemical kinetic mechanism and a steady solver to investigate the effect of ambient and main oxygen temperature on the jet behavior of cohere
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