Study on the Performance of Parallel Air-Cooled Structure and Optimized Design for Lithium-Ion Battery Module
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Study on the Performance of Parallel Air-Cooled Structure and Optimized Design for Lithium-Ion Battery Module Shuai Pan, Changwei Ji *, Shuofeng Wang and Bing Wang, College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing Lab of New Energy Vehicles and Key Lab of Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, People’s Republic of China Received: 3 October 2019/Accepted: 11 July 2020
Abstract. Temperature and temperature consistency have an important effect on the effective performance and thermal safety of lithium-ion batteries. Huge temperature inconsistency can lead to the behavior of overcharge and overdischarge so that it improves the risk of fire and thermal runaway. Temperature rise and heat generation rate during discharging under adiabatic condition are measured by experiments. Based on the conclusion and data obtained by experiments, the finite element model of traditional and optimized parallel air-cooled structure are built by COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3aÒ. Meanwhile, the problem of flow inhomogeneity in parallel air-cooled structure and the cooling performance of optimized design are researched and discussed. Obvious temperature inconsistency is observed inside the battery module with a traditional cooling structure. Adding a fan on the bottom of module contributes to decay the maximum temperature and improve the temperature consistency effectively. The average temperature difference is maintained at about 1.4°C when the velocity of inlet air exceeds 7 m s-1, which is merely half of that in traditional structure. Temperature difference inside battery module is smaller with the rise of inlet air velocity. Moreover, temperature consistency could be improved by increasing the radius of fan or setting the outlet on the right above of battery module. Keywords: Parallel air-cooled structure, Temperature consistency, Air velocity, Radius of fan, Location of outlet List of Symbols q Cp k q P ~ u Rg
Density (kg m-3) Heat capacity [J (kg K)-1] Thermal conductivity [W (m K)-1] Heat generation power of battery (W m-3) Pressure (Pa) Velocity vector of air (m s-1) Ideal gas constant [J (mol K)-1]
* Correspondence should be addressed to: Changwei Ji, E-mail: [email protected]
1
Fire Technology 2020 ua T L
Dynamic viscosity of air (Pa s) Absolute temperature (K) Thickness of electrodes (lm)
Subscripts and Superscripts a batt r ang p
Cooling air Lithium-ion battery Radius Angle Polar
Acronyms and Abbreviations 3D ARC COMSOL LiFePO4 CC CV SOC ke
Three dimensional Adiabatic rate calorimeter Inc. Sweden computer-aided engineering software developer Lithium iron phosphate Constant current Constant voltage State of charge A kind of turbulent flow model
1. Introduction As one of the key technologies of electric vehicles, the application and development of power battery systems have been the focus of attention and research for worldwide scholars. Lithium-ion battery has become the most common choice for the power system of electric vehicles because of its so many advantages, such as high volta
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