Suicide trends and self-harm in Panama: results from the National Mortality Registry and hospital-based data
- PDF / 659,523 Bytes
- 12 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 96 Downloads / 172 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
Suicide trends and self‑harm in Panama: results from the National Mortality Registry and hospital‑based data Ilais Moreno Velásquez1 · Giulio Castelpietra2 · Gladys Higuera1 · Franz Castro1 · Beatriz Gómez1 · Jorge Motta1 · Ricardo Goti3,4 Received: 27 February 2020 / Accepted: 9 June 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose We aimed to (1) to investigate mortality trends due to suicide in Panama at the national and regional levels from 2001 to 2016, (2) to describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of admitted patients with non-fatal self-harm from 2009 to 2017 in a regional hospital, and (3) to examine the association between mental health diagnoses and intentional self-harm, lethality, self-harm repetition and all-cause mortality within this population. Methods Using the national mortality registry, annual percentage changes (APC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated to evaluate suicide trends over time. Self-harm cases were assessed by trained psychiatrists at a referral hospital through interviews. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between mental diagnosis with intentto-die and lethality, expressed as odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% CI for self-harm repetition and all-cause mortality. Results The trend of suicide in women declined, with an APC of − 4.8, 95% CI − 7.8, − 1.7, while the trend began to decline from 2006 in men; APC − 6.9, 95% CI − 8.9, − 4.9. Self-harm repetition over 12 months was 1.8%. Having a mental health diagnosis was associated with intentional self-harm (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.0–2.4) and self-harm repetition (HR 2.7, 95% CI 1.3–5.8). Medication overdose was the preferred method for self-harm, while intentional self-harm by hanging was the preferred method for suicide. Conclusions Strategies for prevention and early intervention after self-harm deserve attention. Our findings highlight the importance of data to inform action. Keywords Suicide · Self-harm · Panama · Epidemiology
Introduction
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-020-01895-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Ilais Moreno Velásquez [email protected] 1
Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies, Panama City, Panama
2
Primary Care Services Area, Central Health Directorate, Venezia Giulia, Region Friuli, Trieste, Italy
3
Department of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Panama City, Panama
4
Centro de Salud de Curundú, Ministry of Health, Panama City, Panama
Suicide remains an important preventable contributor to the global burden of disease [1]. Suicide is the cumulative result of risk factors (genetic, psychological, social, cultural, experiences of trauma and loss) over a lifetime [2, 3]. Although suicide rate decreased globally in recent years [1], suicide remains the second leading cause of death a
Data Loading...
