Suitability assessment of dumpsite soil biocover to reduce methane emission from landfills under interactive influence o
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Suitability assessment of dumpsite soil biocover to reduce methane emission from landfills under interactive influence of nutrients Somvir Bajar 1,2
&
Anita Singh 1,3 & C. P. Kaushik 1 & Anubha Kaushik 1,4
Received: 15 January 2020 / Accepted: 6 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Biocovers are known for their role as key facilitator to reduce landfill methane (CH4) emission on improving microbial methane bio-oxidation. Methanotrophs existing in the aerobic zone of dumped wastes are the only known biological sinks for CH4 being emitted from the lower anaerobic section of landfill sites and even from the atmosphere. However, their efficacy remains under the influence of landfill environment and biocover characteristics. Therefore, the present study was executed to explore the suitability and efficacy of dumpsite soil as biocover to achieve enhanced methane bio-oxidation under the interactive influence of nutrients, carbon source, and environmental factors using statistical-mathematical models. The Placket-Burman design (PBD) was employed to identify the significant factors out of 07 tested factors having considerable impact on CH4 bio-oxidation. The normal plot and Student’s t test of PBD indicated that ammonical nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N), methane (CH4), and copper (Cu) concentration were found significant. A three-level Box-Behnken design (BBD) was further applied to optimize the significant factors identified from PBD. The BBD results revealed that interactive interaction of CH4 with NH4+-N and NO3−N affected the CH4 bio-oxidation significantly. The sequential statistical approach predicted that maximum CH4 bio-oxidation of 27.32 μg CH4 h−1 could be achieved with CH4 (35%), NO3−-N (250 μg g−1), NH4+-N (25 μg g−1), and Cu (50 mg g−1) concentration. Conclusively, waste dumpsite soil could be a good alternative over conventional soil cover to improve CH4 bio-oxidation and lessen the emission of greenhouse gas from waste sector. Keywords Landfill . Biocover . Methane bio-oxidation . Placket-Burman design (PBD) . Box-Behnken design (BBD) . Nitrogenous nutrient
Introduction
Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues * Somvir Bajar [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
2
Department of Environmental Sciences, YMCA, J.C. Bose University of Science and Technology, Faridabad, Haryana 121006, India
3
Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir 180011, India
4
University School of Environment Management, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka, New Delhi 110075, India
Around the world, several countries are facing social, economic, and ecological damage from inevitable natural disasters emerging as a result of climate change. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions entering into the atmosphere especially from anthropogenic sources aggravate the problem fur
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