Sulfate Reduction in Underground Horizons of a Flooded Coal Mine in Kuzbass
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RIMENTAL ARTICLES
Sulfate Reduction in Underground Horizons of a Flooded Coal Mine in Kuzbass I. A. Panovaa, I. I. Rusanovb, V. V. Kadnikovc, E. A. Latygoletsa, M. R. Avakyana, M. V. Ivanova, V. C. Zyusmana, A. A. Kovalevaa, N. V. Ravinc, N. V. Pimenovb, and O. V. Karnachuka, * aLaboratory
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050 Russia Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071 Russia cInstitute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071 Russia *е-mail: [email protected] b
Received May 14, 2020; revised May 22, 2020; accepted May 29, 2020
Abstract—Although dissimilatory sulfate reduction (DSR) is an important microbial process in subterranean aquifers, its geochemical consequences in this ecosystem remain insufficiently studied. The absence of data on the process rate under in situ conditions prevents quantitative estimation of the sulfur reservoir. This research is aimed at investigation of microbial sulfate reduction in subterranean aquifers associated with the Severnaya coal mine in Kuzbass. Water samples were collected from an artesian borehole broaching the underground horizons of the flooded mine. During over 10 years of sampling the water temperature fluctuated within a narrow range (10–13°C); the water was anoxic (–112 to –174 mV) and contained up to 6 mg/L sulfide. Analysis by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes showed that sulfur-oxidizing bacteria Sulfurovum, Sulfuricurvum, Sulfurospirillum, and Thiothrix predominated in the community. No phylotypes with known ability to carry out DSR were detected. Measurement of sulfate reduction rates with Na35 2 SO4 , showed the process to be relatively active, resulting in up to 178 g of reduced sulfur per year at the borehole discharge. Two organisms representing minor components of the community, a psychrophilic and acidophilic Desulfomicrobium sp. DI and a moderately thermophilic Desulfotomaculum LL1, were isolated in pure culture by varying the cultivation condition in a bioreactor. These members of the “rare biosphere” may be responsible for production of reduced sulfur species, which are used by a diverse and numerous sulfur-oxidizing community. Keywords: subterranean biosphere, rare biosphere, coal beds, sulfate reduction, Desulfomicrobium, Desulfotomaculum DOI: 10.1134/S0026261720050185
Dissimilatory sulfate reduction is a key microbial process in subterranean aquifers (Orcutt et al., 2013; Momper et al., 2017; Bell et al., 2018). Although sulfate-reducing prokaryotes of the subterranean biosphere have been a subject of extensive research (Moser et al., 2005; Chivian et al., 2008; Magnabosco et al., 2014; Karnachuk et al., 2019), their geochemical activity still remains insufficiently understood. While some studies discussed biochemistry of sulfate reduction based on molecular data (Anantharaman et al., 2016), in situ rates of these processes have not been determined. Id
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