Suppression of phosphorus release from sediment using lanthanum carbonate as amendment
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Suppression of phosphorus release from sediment using lanthanum carbonate as amendment Yanhui Zhan 1 & Mingyue Chang 1 & Jianwei Lin 1 Received: 14 May 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The performance of lanthanum carbonate (LC) pertaining to the adsorption of phosphate (HwPO4w-3) was investigated, and the possible adsorption mechanism was elucidated. The stabilization of HwPO4w-3 adsorbed to LC was evaluated. The influence of LC addition on the upward transport of phosphorus (P) from sediment to overlying water (OL-W) was studied, and the adsorption performance of HwPO4w-3 on the LC-amended sediment was explored. The results of this work indicated that LC performed well in the elimination of HwPO4w-3 from water in the pH range of 4 to 11, and the commercial and self-prepared LC samples afforded the maximum HwPO4w-3 adsorption capacities of 57.9 and 99.4 mg P/g, respectively, at pH 7. The presence of coexisting species including chloride, bicarbonate, and sulfate had a small influence on the HwPO4w-3 adsorption onto LC. The main HwPO4w-3 adsorption mechanism of LC at pH 7 was the ligand exchange reaction between carbonate and HwPO4w-3 forming the innersphere La-phosphate complexation. The self-synthesized LC exhibited much higher HwPO4w-3 adsorption performance than the commercial LC. The overwhelming majority (> 97.0%) of HwPO4w-3 adsorbed to LC primarily existed in the form of muriatic acid-extractable P, which has relatively low re-releasing risk. The addition of LC into sediment could significantly prevent the release of P from the sediment solid into the OL-W, thereby leading to a lower concentration level of reactive soluble P (RSP) in the OL-W compared with no LC treatment. The addition of LC into sediment could greatly improve the HwPO4w-3 uptake ability for the sediment, and the enhancement of HwPO4w-3 adsorption onto the sediment by the added LC increased as the increase of the amendment dosage and the initial HwPO4w-3 concentration. All results suggest that LC could serve as a promising amendment material for the control of sedimentary P release. Keywords Lanthanum carbonate . Sediment . Amendment . Control . Phosphorus
Introduction Eutrophication of freshwater systems such as reservoirs, “reservoir-type rivers,” lakes, and ponds has become a severe environmental issue in the world (Cavalcante et al. 2018, Le Moal et al. 2019, Ni et al. 2020). It is now generally accepted that reducing the concentration of phosphorus (P) in the overlying water (OL-W) is of critical importance for preventing the eutrophication of freshwater systems (Carpenter 2008, Cavalcante et al. 2018, Ni et al. 2020, Pace et al. 2017,
Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues * Jianwei Lin [email protected] 1
College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Hucheng Ring Road No. 999, Shanghai 201306, China
Schindler et al. 2008). The sources of P species in the OL-W of freshwater bodies can be categorized to be the external
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