Surface modification of L605 by oxygen plasma immersion ion implantation for biomedical applications
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Surface modification of L605 by oxygen plasma immersion ion implantation for biomedical applications Letícia Marin de Andrade, Carlo Paternoster, and Vanessa Montaño-Machado, Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Department of Min.-Met-Materials Eng., and University Hospital Research Center, Laval University, 1065 Ave de la Médecine, Pav. Poulliot - 1745G, Québec City, QC, Canada G1V 0A6 Gianni Barucca, Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy Małgorzata Sikora-Jasinska, Ranna Tolouei, Stéphane Turgeon, and Diego Mantovani, Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Department of Min.-Met-Materials Eng., and University Hospital Research Center, Laval University, 1065 Ave de la Médecine, Pav. Poulliot 1745G, Québec City, QC, Canada G1V 0A6 Address all correspondence to Diego Mantovani at [email protected] (Received 30 June 2018; accepted 10 September 2018)
Abstract Co–Cr alloys, more specifically L605, have superior mechanical properties and high-corrosion resistance, making them suitable materials for cardiovascular application. However, metallic materials for biomedical applications require finely tuned surface properties to improve the material behavior in a physiological environment. Oxygen plasma immersion ion implantation was performed on an L605 alloy, after an electropolishing pre-treatment. The oxidized layer was found to be rich in Co and O, it did not show any trace of Cr, and resulted in nanostructured. The corrosion properties were profoundly changed. Endothelial cells showed high viability after 7 days of contact with some modified surfaces.
Introduction Surface modification plays a relevant role in the optimization of surface properties, especially for alloys used in biomedical applications. Indeed, the traditional alloys used in the biomedical industry usually assure satisfying “bulk” mechanical properties for specific implants. However, surface properties are generally not suitable for an optimal electrochemical and biochemical interaction with the surrounding environment. Living tissues, biologic systems and organs are in fact affected by the chemical exchange and mechanical interactions of devices inserted in the body. Inflammation, blood coagulation, and restenosis can be triggered when an undesired interaction with the device takes place.[1] Co–20Cr–15W–10Ni, commercially known as L605, is a high-performance alloy used for the fabrication of commercial stents, and other medical implant devices.[2] L605 structure and chemical composition[3] are accountable for high-mechanical properties that are needed in cardiovascular applications.[4] In spite of this, the alloy is composed of elements (Co, Cr, and Ni) that could present a certain degree of local or systemic toxicity.[5] In fact, these elements could be responsible for the formation of debris, of compounds and complexes that are noxious for the biologic environment[6]; furthermore, even the released ions
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