Sustainable Dyeing Mechanism of Polyester with Natural Dye Extracted from Watermelon and Their UV Protective Characteris
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ISSN 1229-9197 (print version) ISSN 1875-0052 (electronic version)
Sustainable Dyeing Mechanism of Polyester with Natural Dye Extracted from Watermelon and Their UV Protective Characteristics Md Luthfar Rahman Liman1, M. Tauhidul Islam2*, Md. Milon Hossain3,4, and Priti Sarker1 1
Department of Textile Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail-1902, Bangladesh 2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan-701, Taiwan (R.O.C.) 3 Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA 4 Department of Textile Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna-9203, Bangladesh (Received October 22, 2019; Revised January 17, 2020; Accepted February 9, 2020) Abstract: The practice of natural colorants for polyester fabric dyeing has been rampantly rising in our consumer fashion. In this study, two separate natural colorants were extracted from watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) rind (WRS) and flesh (WFS) for polyester coloration. The optical and colorimetric properties of saps and dyed fabrics, dye fiber bonding phenomena, chromophores diffusion behaviors, color-fastness, ecological and economic aspects were examined through various analyses and the corresponding mechanisms were proposed. A wide range of chromophores diffusion was noticed for several parameter variations and the resulting diffusions were ranging from 42.67 to 83.13 %. Interestingly, WRS and WFS robust the UV shielding properties into the dyed fabric and the recorded UPF rating was found to be above 50. All color-fastness properties including sublimations were very good to excellent (4 to 4/5) except lightfastness. Finally, the ecological and economic aspects of WRS/WFS dyeing were also compared with commercial disperse dyes. Keywords: Watermelon-rind, Watermelon-flesh, Chromophore-diffusion, Chromophore molecular geometry, Sublimationfastness, UV-protection
plants [8]. However, rind is the significant share of watermelon considered as waste and mostly utilized for animal feed as a low-cost filler. Watermelon rind contains several natural components including carotenoid, flavonoids, xanthophyll, lycopene, and mostly α-amino acid named citrulline which is extensively used in medical research [8-11]. The watermelon rind and flesh chromophores may have polyester coloration ability as well which have not been studied yet to the best of our knowledge. Moreover, the WRS/WFS chromophores hedge against the UV radiation interestingly [9]. So, the watermelon extract could impart intrinsic UV shielding ability into the dyed polyester fabric which would ultimately protect the wearer from deleterious skin burn without any further treatment on fabric, which also has not been disclosed yet so far. In order to disclose the dyeing behavior of WRS/WFS as a new colorant of polyester, different key dyeing parameters such as dyeing temperature, liquor ratio, dyeing time, etc. should be broadly explored. The optimization
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