Symptoms of postpartum anxiety and depression among women in Canada: findings from a national cross-sectional survey
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QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Symptoms of postpartum anxiety and depression among women in Canada: findings from a national cross-sectional survey Mihaela Gheorghe 1
&
Mélanie Varin 1 & Suzy L. Wong 1 & Melissa Baker 1 & Vera Grywacheski 1 & Heather Orpana 1,2,3
Received: 7 May 2020 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Objective This study presents national estimates on symptoms consistent with postpartum anxiety (PPA) and postpartum depression (PPD) and the association between these conditions and possible risk and protective factors in women who gave birth in Canada. Methods Data were collected through the Survey on Maternal Health, a cross-sectional survey administered in Canada’s ten provinces between November 2018 and February 2019 among women who gave birth between January 1 and June 30, 2018. A total of 6558 respondents were included. Weighted prevalence estimates were calculated, and logistic regression was used to model the relationship between symptoms consistent with PPA, PPD, and potential risk factors. Results Overall, 13.8% of women had symptoms consistent with PPA, while the prevalence of having symptoms consistent with PPD was 17.9%. Results of the logistic regression models indicated that women who had a history of depression were 3.4 times (95% CI 2.7–4.2) more likely to experience symptoms consistent with PPA and 2.6 times more likely to experience symptoms consistent with PPD (95% CI 2.2–3.2) compared with those who did not. Women who reported good, fair, or poor physical health were 2.4 times more likely to experience symptoms consistent with PPD (95% CI 2.0–2.9) and 2.0 times more likely to experience symptoms consistent with PPA (95% CI 1.7–2.4) compared with those who reported very good or excellent health. Maternal marital status, other postpartum maternal support, and sense of community belonging were also significant. Conclusion This study highlights that a history of depression and good, fair, or poor physical health are associated with an increased odds of symptoms consistent with PPA and PPD, while other maternal support and sense of community belonging are associated with a decreased odds of these conditions. Résumé Objectif La présente étude présente des estimations nationales sur les symptômes correspondant à de l’anxiété post-partum (APP) et à une dépression post-partum (DPP) et sur l’association entre ces affections et les éventuels facteurs de risque et de protection chez les femmes ayant accouché au Canada. Méthodologie Les données ont été recueillies dans le cadre de l’Enquête sur la santé maternelle, une enquête transversale menée dans les dix provinces canadiennes entre novembre 2018 et février 2019 auprès des femmes ayant accouché entre le 1er janvier et le 30 juin 2018. Au total, 6 558 personnes ont répondu à l’enquête. Des estimations de la prévalence pondérée ont été calculées, et une régression logistique a été utilisée pour modéliser la relation entre les symptômes correspondant à de l’APP, à une DPP et aux facteurs de risque possibles. Résultats Dan
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