Synthesis and characterization of bimetallic noble metal nanoparticles for biomedical applications
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Synthesis and characterization of bimetallic noble metal nanoparticles for biomedical applications Prem C. Pandeya and Govind Pandeyb a Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi-221005, India b Department of Pharmacology, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur-273013, India ABSTRACT We report herein a facile approach to synthesize processable bimetallic nanoparticles (PdAu/AuPd/Ag-Au/Au-Ag) decorated Prussian blue nanocomposite (PB-AgNP). The presence of cyclohexanone/formaldehyde facilitates the formation of functional bimetallic nanoparticles from 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (3-APTMS) capped desired ratio of hetero noble metal ions. The use of 3-APTMS and cyclohexanone also enables the synthesis of polycrystalline Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs). As synthesized PBNPs, Pd-Au/Au-Pd/Ag-Au/Au-Ag enable the formation of nano-structured composites displaying better catalytic activity than that recorded with natural enzyme. The nanomaterials have been characterized by Uv-Vis, FT-IR and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) with following major findings: (1) 3-APTMS capped noble metal ions in the presence of suitable organic reducing agents i.e.; 3 glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), cyclohexanone and formaldehyde; are converted into respective nanoparticles under ambient conditions, (2) the time course of synthesis and dispersibility of the nanoparticles are found as a function of organic reducing agents, (3) the use of formaldehyde and cyclohexanone in place of GPTMS with 3-APTMS outclasses the other two in imparting better stability of amphiphilic nanoparticles with reduced silanol content, (4) simultaneous synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles under desired ratio of palladium/gold and silver/ gold cations are recorded, (5) the nanoparticles made from the use of 3-APTMS and cyclohexanone enable the formation of homogeneous nanocomposite with PBNP as peroxidase mimetic representing potential substitute of peroxidase enzyme. The peroxidase mimetic ability has been found to vary as a function of 3-APTMS concentration revealing the potential role of functional metal nanoparticles in bioanalytical applications. INTRODUCTION Recently, BMNPs have received considerable attention due to improved catalytic performance as a result of the synergistic and electronic effects having distinctive properties which are clearly different from those of monometallic nanoparticle.1-33 More specifically, BMNPs are an attractive target of catalytic research because their potential properties, such as selectivity of catalytic reactions, chemical and physical stability are distinct from those of the component monometallic nanoparticles. Accordingly, variety of methods has been reported on the synthesis of BMNPs. The common methods are chemical reduction of respective noble metal cations.1-50 However, there has been still a challenging task on the synthesis of stabilized functional BMNPs under ambient conditions from following aspects: (1) stability and processability for nanocomposite format
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