Synthesis and characterization of SiO 2 /Ti 3 C 2 anode materials for lithium-ion batteries via different methods
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Synthesis and characterization of SiO2/Ti3C2 anode materials for lithium-ion batteries via different methods Jiu-qing Liu 1,2 & Sheng-chao Song 1,2,3 & Ding-chuan Zuo 1,2,3 & Cheng Yan 4 & Zhen-jiang He 1,2,3 & Yun-jiao Li 1,2 & Jun-chao Zheng 1,2,3,5 Received: 24 June 2020 / Revised: 13 July 2020 / Accepted: 15 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Silicon dioxide (SiO2) has great potential application as anode materials for lithium-ion battery owing to the rich resource, economic cost, and easy preparation. SiO2/Ti3C2 (ST-1, ST-2, and ST-3, respectively) nano-/microcomposites were synthesized via three different methods (sol-gel, centrifugal-drying, and freeze-drying method), and the SEM results indicate that abundant SiO2 particles are distributed on the modified surface of multilayer Ti3C2 nanosheets, forming stable multiphase structures. Electrochemical results demonstrate that the SiO2/Ti3C2 composites can deliver good electrochemical performance and almost have no capacities decay after hundreds of cycles. In particular, the structure properties of ST-3 composite synthesized by freezedrying were well preserved, delivering a reversible discharge capacity of 242.4 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1, even after high-rate test (5000 mA g−1), still exerting 258.6 mAh g−1 reversible discharge capacity at 100 mA g−1, indicating good structural stability and electrochemical reversibility of ST-3 composite for lithium-ion batteries. Keywords Ti3C2 . SiO2 . Anode material . Lithium-ion battery
Introduction At present, with the long-term abuse of globalized fossil fuels, people are increasingly concerned about global climate change and eager to find new sustainable green energy. Therefore, the exploration of renewable energy and research of storage devices are becoming a worldwide research topic [1–5]. Considering the marketization of portable electronic products, commercialization * Jun-chao Zheng [email protected] 1
School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
2
National Engineering Laboratory for High Efficiency Recovery of Refractory Nonferrous Metals, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
3
Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
4
School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
5
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
of electric vehicles, intelligentization of medical and military equipment, and popularization of grid energy storage, the electrochemical energy storage technology has attracted more attention [6–9]. In particular, lithium-ion battery has green environmental protection, high cycle life, and other characteristics to meet the different functional uses [10–13]. Among the anode materials of LIBs, elemental Si has attracted most research attention owing to its
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