Synthetic aperture processing for wireless communication signals with passive moving array
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Synthetic aperture processing for wireless communication signals with passive moving array Cheng Wang1,2 · Ding Wang1,2 Received: 1 April 2019 / Revised: 9 October 2019 / Accepted: 2 March 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this paper, we investigate the use of synthetic aperture technique in communication signal processing with passive moving arrays. First, demodulation preprocessing schemes proper to distinctive situations are provided to increase the coherence time of target signal. Then demodulated signal sequence is resampled and reconstructed for synthetic array data production. Secondly we consider the practical implementation of direction of arrival estimation and present approaches to adjust for synthetic array data. The proposed technique incorporates Doppler information caused by the moving of platform into spatial processing, leading to significant enhancement in achievable array performance. Both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Keywords Synthetic aperture · Wireless communication signal · Direction of arrival estimation
1 Introduction Estimating distribution of radiation sources using passive array is an important issue in many scientific and engineering applications. The capability of estimation techniques mainly depends on the aperture of antenna array (Vallet et al. 2015). For vehicle-mounted platforms, the size and shape of arrays are generally limited, which directly restricts the applicability of array technique (Sekine et al. 2013). To solve the problem, a variety of techniques such as fourth-order cumulants have been proposed (Li and Wang 2011). Among available solutions, synthetic aperture (SA) technique is regarded as the most promising one. This approach exploits the Doppler information caused by platform motion to extend effective aperture of receiving array and has led to vast work in radar and sonar (Moreira et al. 2013; Williams 2015). In most applications, SA-based equip-
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Ding Wang [email protected]
1
PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
2
National Digital Switching System Engineering and Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, People’s Republic of China
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Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing
ment requires transmitting wave field energy for survey of target’s surface. Alternatively, aperture can also be synthesized with passive arrays (Mason et al. 2015). For instance, the passive acoustic synthetic aperture techniques including the extended towed array measurements (Oudompheng et al. 2015; D’Spain et al. 2006) and fast Fourier transform algorithm (Stergiopoulos and Urban 2002) can provide improved spatial resolution with hydrophone arrays. To directly determine the target position with moving station from received signal, solutions given in (Papakonstantinou and Slock 2009; Jiexin et al. 2017a; Yunlong et al. 2016) establishes the cost functio
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