Systems Approach to Ergonomic Provision of Driving Conditions
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SYSTEMS APPROACH TO ERGONOMIC PROVISION OF DRIVING CONDITIONS N. I. Kulbashna,1† K. O. Soroka,1‡ and I. E. Lynnyk1††
UDC 65.015.11: 621.3.011.711
Abstract. To form ergonomic driving conditions in the “driver–vehicle–road environment” system, it is proposed to use a mathematical model of automatic control theory, in which special features of traffic control are determined by the transition process described by transfer functions of the vehicle and the driver. The proposed model makes it possible to simulate vehicle speed control processes in accordance with road conditions whose impact on the driver is estimated by the complex characteristic: maximum entropy of the traffic environment. Keywords: driving conditions, entropy of the environment, speed, transfer function. INTRODUCTION Providing driving conditions on the basis of ergonomic system “driver–vehicle–road environment” (DVRE) is important in improving driver’s working environment and organizing driver’s trouble-free operation on the road. Creating comfortable working conditions guarantees stable mental and psychological state of the driver during the motion, i.e., simplification of transition process in case of change in road conditions. In driver’s interaction with road environment, some degree of operation efficiency of the DVRE system is formed. The efficiency will depend on how system’s elements correspond to each other during the interaction. When creating driving conditions, one should take into account all the interrelations and interactions that occur between elements of the DVRE system. Road environment is an immediate factor of formation of the state of the main components of the DVRE system, the driver, and parameters of the road environment should be considered as a tool for control of driving conditions. Influence of the road environment is a dominating component and the important aspect of the adequacy assessment of the entire system. Driving environment is a source of information according to which driver carries out control actions with adjustment to driving conditions and tends to minimize physical efforts and to avoid emotional outburst. If the least compulsion principle formulated by Gavrilov [1] is violated, the road environment is such that driver feels certain discomfort and thus performs erroneous actions that cause emergencies and traffic incidents. Changing the road conditions by reducing or increasing the amount of information changes driver’s objectives according to their motivation. Driver’s response in case of impact of information of the road environment is changing vehicle’s speed and trajectory. Thus, if one controls the amount of information that influences the driver during motion by driving organization facilities, i.e., forms the road environment so that it provides necessary driving conditions for the driver, it is possible to influence vehicle speed. Thus, there is a problem of analyzing the process of speed control according to driver’s information load received from road conditions. This problem can be solved by adequa
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