Techno-economic analysis of bioethanol production from microwave pretreated kitchen waste
- PDF / 1,823,496 Bytes
- 13 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 12 Downloads / 160 Views
Techno‑economic analysis of bioethanol production from microwave pretreated kitchen waste Sonica Sondhi1 · Palki Sahib Kaur1 · Mahakmeet Kaur1 Received: 21 May 2020 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Cost-effective production of bioethanol from waste material is becoming the need of the hour to combat the exhaustive nature of fossil fuel. In this study, bioethanol was produced from microwave-pretreated kitchen waste at high dry material consistency. Pretreatment was performed for 30 min at a constant power of 90 W. Liquefaction/saccharification was done with in-house produced amylase from Bacillus licheniformis MTCC 1483. The liquefaction step was optimized using response surface modeling. Three factors, viz. pH, concentration of dry substrate and amylase, were optimized by using reducing sugar and ethanol yield as response. The optimum conditions of input parameters obtained were pH 7.5, dry material 40% (w/v) and amylase 15 IU g−1. The process developed in the present study leads to 0.129 g ml−1, i.e., 0.32 g per g biomass ethanol production. The novelty of the manuscript lies in the fact that no acid/alkali hydrolysis was carried out for the release of reducing sugar. Instead, microwave treatment was carried out at low power for longer time so as to release maximum sugar. The cost incurred in bioethanol production was also estimated by taking cost of chemicals, instruments and operating cost in account. The total cost of bioethanol produced in the present study was calculated as 0.143 $/l of ethanol. A 8.32-fold decrease in price of ethanol produced in the present study was observed when compared to the market selling price of ethanol. This makes the developed process economically and industrially feasible. Keywords Bioethanol · Kitchen waste · Microwave pretreatment · Liquefaction · Amylase · Cost analysis
1 Introduction One of the major concerns in the world these days is the depletion of fossil fuels and the deterioration of the environment. Developed and developing countries are exploiting fossil fuels, such as oil, coal and natural gas, at increasing rate leading to their overall depletion. Hence, there is a desire to explore the likelihood of other energy sources that are as economical as oil and might be directly used as fuel or by mixing with present fuels [1]. Biofuels, the liquid or gaseous fuel produced from biomass, provide an ecofriendly alternative to meet growing energy needs. Various biofuels include biomass and biogas energy, primary alcohols like methanol and ethanol, vegetable oils,
bio-diesel, etc. [2, 3]. These renewable fuels are expected to offer many benefits including sustainability, low greenhouse gas emissions, regional development, social construction and agricultural development [4]. Bioethanol, the product of fermentation of carbohydrates, can be used as biofuel as it has high octane number than gasoline and tolerates higher compression ratio [5]. It can be generated from any material containing starch or sugar. Previously, research was f
Data Loading...
