Temperature dependent electrical properties of YSZ synthesized through microwave combustion
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Temperature dependent electrical properties of YSZ synthesized through microwave combustion E. Satheeshkumar1 · P. Prabunathan2 · P. Anbarasi1 · K. Ilango1 · P. Manohar1 Received: 21 April 2020 / Accepted: 6 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In the present work, Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) was synthesized rapidly through microwave combustion. Subsequently, the synthesized YSZ was conventional sintered at different temperatures, ranging from 1200 to 1400 ºC at 50 °C intervals. X-ray diffraction results confirmed that the synthesized YSZ belongs to the cubic phase. Further, the investigation of microstructures of sintered YSZ using SEM analysis confirmed the temperature dependent grain growth behavior. Among the sintered YSZ, the sample sintered at 1400 ºC was found to possess the highest median particle size (4.77 µm), as well as average grain size (4.15 µm) with increased relative density (92%). Impedance studies for the YSZ samples sintered at different temperatures revealed that the conductivity is directly proportional to the relative density and operating temperature. Accordingly, the sample sintered at 1400 °C showed the highest ionic conductivity of 5.68 × 10–2 S/cm at 700 °C. The data resulted from various studies, suggesting that the YSZ synthesized through microwave assisted approach yields conductivity and dielectric behavior similar to conventional methods. Hence, this approach could also be extended to the synthesis of various electrolyte materials (E.g., LSDF, LSCO, and BSCF) that can be used in solid oxide fuel cells at a low cost and in a short duration. Keywords YSZ · Sintering · Microwave combustion · Conductivity · Density
1 Introduction Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) has been extensively explored as an electrolyte in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) because of its high temperatures chemical stability [1–5]. In particular, 8 to 12% Yttria (Y2O3) Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) delivers improved conductivity at elevated temperatures [6, 7]. Hence, different synthetic approaches such as sol–gel [8], co-precipitation [9], solid-state synthesis [10, 11], mechanical mixing of oxide powders (ball milling) [12], spray drying [13], hydrothermal synthesis [14], solution combustion Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-03893-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * P. Manohar [email protected] 1
Department of Ceramic Technology, A.C. Tech Campus, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India
Polymer Engineering Laboratory, PSG Institute of Technology and Applied Research, Coimbatore 641032, India
2
synthesis [15] and conventional gel-combustion [16] have been adopted by various research groups to facilitate the synthesis of YSZ. In spite of individual merits, most of the methods have common limitations such as long duration, consumption of hazardous solvents, poor yield, etc. Almost, the solution based processes require conventional heating, which
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