The association of food quality index with mental health in women: a cross-sectional study
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(2020) 13:557 Darooghegi Mofrad et al. BMC Res Notes https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-020-05401-x
Open Access
RESEARCH NOTE
The association of food quality index with mental health in women: a cross‑sectional study Manije Darooghegi Mofrad1, Fereydoun Siassi1, Bijan Guilani2, Nick Bellissimo3, Katherine Suitor3 and Leila Azadbakht1,4,5*
Abstract Objective: Diet is a fundamental modifiable risk factor for the development of depression and anxiety. However, no evidence currently exists regarding the association of food quality score (FQS) and mental health in Iranian women. This study investigated the relationship between food quality score, depression, anxiety and stress in Iranian women. Results: Results showed that 35%, 41% and 42% of participants had depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. The average age of participants was 31.40 ± 7.47 years. A significant association was indicated between FQS and symp‑ toms of depression (OR: 0.36; 95% CI 0.21, 0.63), anxiety (OR: 0.31; 95% CI 0.18, 0.53), and stress (OR: 0.39; 95% CI 0.23, 0.66) in both crude and adjusted models. Keywords: Food quality score, Depression, Anxiety, Stress Introduction The global burden of depression and anxiety has become prominent in both developed and developing countries [1]. The incidence of depression and anxiety is ~ 5% and ~ 7% worldwide, respectively [2, 3]. In Iran, the prevalence of depression and anxiety among adults is 21% and 20%, respectively, and are twice as likely to happen in Iranian women compared to men [4]. Diet is a substantial modifiable risk factor for the development of depression and anxiety [5]. Researchers have suggested whole diet as an alternative approach to study the potential role of diet for prevention of disease [6, 7]. However, diet quality indices typically require additional analyses to assess nutrient intake, and nutrient databases are commonly based on a Western diet and are not usually validated in other populations. In comparison,
*Correspondence: l‑[email protected] 1 Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
food-based scores, such as food quality score (FQS), only considers foods or food groups and does not rely on nutrient analysis [8]. FQS is a relatively new index and has only been used in three studies to examine the association between coronary artery disease [8], metabolic syndrome [9], and cardiovascular risk factors [10]. However, FQS components have been previously related to mental health [11–17], and findings from Mozaffarian et al. demonstrate a significant association between FQS components and long-lasting weight loss [18]. To our knowledge, no evidence currently exists regarding the relationship between FQS and mental health. Therefore, our study was done to assess the association between FQS, depression, anxiety and stress in Iranian women.
Main text Materials and methods Study design and participants
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