The comparison of the effects of ketamine and etomidate on cardiodynamics, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters i
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The comparison of the effects of ketamine and etomidate on cardiodynamics, biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in Wistar male rats M. Djuric1 · S. Kostic2 · T. Nikolic Turnic3 · S. Stankovic4 · R. Skrbic5 · D. M. Djuric6 · V. Zivkovic7 · V. Jakovljevic7,8 · P. Stevanovic1 Received: 19 May 2020 / Accepted: 11 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract It is well known the use of ketamine and etomidate in clinical practice; however, the difference in the systemic effects of these two anesthetic agents is still debatable. Thus, in the present study we aimed to compare their effects on heart, and other organs through estimation of cardiodynamics, biochemical and hematological parameters. Male Wistar rats were divided in 2 groups containing of 2 subgroups (n = 7 in each subgroup, n = 28 in total): (1) bolus injection of anesthetic ketamine (40 mg/kg b.w., i.p. n = 14); (2) bolus injection of anesthetic etomidate (20 mg/kg b.w., i.p. n = 14). The experiments were done in vitro in one subgroup of each group: cardiodynamic variables (dp/dtmax, dp/dtmin, heart rate), coronary flow, oxidative stress in coronary effluent and cardiac tissue homogenate, and in vivo in another subgroup: biochemical and hematological parameters, and oxidative stress in haemolysate. Significantly increased left ventricular contractility (dp/dtmax) and relaxation (dp/dtmin) were noticed in etomidate group. Creatinine (CREA), HDL cholesterol and folate were significantly higher in etomidate group, whereas amylase (AMY) and eosinophils in ketamine group. Our results suggested that ketamine has more antioxidant potential compared to etomidate, and etomidate has more favorable effects regarding cardiac performance. Keywords Anesthetics · Ketamine · Etomidate · Cardiodynamics · Biochemical parameters · Hematological parameters · Oxidative stress · Rat * D. M. Djuric [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Clinical Hospital Center “Dr. Dragisa Misovic - Dedinje”, Belgrade, Serbia
2
Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
3
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
4
Centre of Medical Biochemistry, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
5
Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
6
Institute of Medical Physiology “Richard Burian”, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26/2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
7
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
8
Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russian Federation
Introduction Ketamine and etomidate are intravenous anesthetic agents, especially important for their good anesthetics properties but not widely used because of their safety and vario
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