The complete chloroplast genome of a rare candelabra primrose Primula stenodonta (Primulaceae)
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TECHNICAL NOTE
The complete chloroplast genome of a rare candelabra primrose Primula stenodonta (Primulaceae) Cai-Yun Zhang1 · Tong-Jian Liu2 · Hai-Fei Yan3 · Xue-Jun Ge3 · Gang Hao2
Received: 1 October 2016 / Accepted: 23 October 2016 © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016
Abstract The whole chloroplast genome (cp genome) of Primula stenodonta was sequenced using an Illumina platform. The cp genome is 150,785 bp in size, and exhibits a typical bicyclic and quadripartite structure, including a pair of inverted repeat regions (IRs) of 25,182 bp that are separated by large and small single copy regions of 82,682 and 17,739 bp, respectively. A total of 131 genes were identiied, including 86 protein-coding genes (PCG), 37 tRNA genes, and eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Among them, 18 genes occur in IRs, containing seven PCG, seven tRNA genes and four rRNA genes. The overall AT content of P. stenodonta cp genome is 62.9%, and the corresponding values of the LSC, SSC and IR regions are 65, 69.8 and 57%, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis suggested that the sampled Primula species formed a monophyletic clade, and P. stenodonta is closely related to Primula poissonii. Keywords Candelabra primulas · Cp genome · Phylogenetic analysis · Illumina sequencing
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12686-016-0637-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Hai-Fei Yan [email protected] 1
Guangdong Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Food and Drug Vocational College, Guangzhou 510520, China
2
College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
3
Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
Primula stenodonta Balf. f. ex W.W. Sm. & H.R. Fletcher is a perennial herb in section Proliferae Pax of Primula L. (Primulaceae) (Hu 1990). The section Proliferae is considered as a well-delimited group which is characterized by numerous whorls of lowers resembling candelabra (Hu 1990). Therefore, the species in the section are also known as the candelabra primulas. Unlike the most candelabra primulas that are common in the wild and quite amenable to cultivation, P. stenodonta is somewhat in mystery as it is particularly rare in the ield, and has never been cultivated ever before. The species could not be resampled from its type locality (Daguan, Yunnan province) over 120 years. Until recently, several small populations of P. stenodonta from were rediscovered there during our ield expedition. This rare species is fragmented by local farmlands, and is threatened by anthropogenic agricultural activity. It has been assessed as Near Threatened (NT) in the latest red list of Chinese biodiversity (http://www.mep.gov.cn). A good knowledge of its cp genome information would beneit us to clarify the poor relationship between P. stenodonta and its relatives, and contribute to the formulat
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