The comprehensive evaluation method of low-carbon campus based on analytic hierarchy process and weights of entropy
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The comprehensive evaluation method of low‑carbon campus based on analytic hierarchy process and weights of entropy W. Na1 · Z. C. Zhao1 Received: 25 March 2020 / Accepted: 28 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The low-carbon-oriented methods to evaluate college campuses are insufficient, and the indexes are not quantified effectively, which is a normal problem in the world. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a comprehensive low-carbon-oriented evaluation method. Evaluation index system of low-carbon campuses is built that comprehensively considers both subjective and objective factors, which include management mechanism construction, low-carbon culture construction, renewable energy use and other emission reduction measures and propose quantitative evaluation methods by the analytic hierarchy process for subjective empowerment and the entropy weight method for objective empowerment. Both original data and experts’ experience are integrated to quantify the index. The result of final comprehensive index weights was management mechanism construction weights 0.137, low-carbon culture construction weights 0.097, renewable energy use weights 0.040 and other emission reduction measures weights 0.123. The validity and discrimination of the method in this paper can be verified by being employed on multiple universities in a municipality. By comparison, the result of the weight of index of low carbon campus was highly corresponding to the soring result of the campuses. Keywords Subjective and objective empowerment · Low-carbon campus evaluation · Evaluation system · Analytic hierarchy process · The entropy weight method
1 Introduction Urban low carbonization development has been the direction for the development of cities, and China has implemented three batches of low-carbon pilot cities. The low-carbon construction and operation of China’s colleges and universities is an essential part of ecological civilization in the field of both urban construction and education. Urban low carbonization is actually thought as lower carbon dioxide emission. However, as the evaluation of campuses mainly considers energy consumption, waste management, * W. Na [email protected] 1
School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
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environmental quality, education and scientific research levels and other evaluation index aim at evaluating “green campuses” instead of “low-carbon campuses,” which mainly investigate the comprehensive performance of the campus, such as LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) (https://new.usgbc.org/leed-v41), the US green building evaluation standards. One part of LEED is set for schools’ evaluation including campus site, water usage, energy and atmospheric environment, materials and resources, indoor air quality, etc. The British BREEAM Education standard (https:// www.sgbc.se/avgifter-i-breeam-se) sets management, health and comfort, energy,
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