The degradation fragments of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase from Bacillus subtilis BU108 have antimicrobial activity agai
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The degradation fragments of gamma‑glutamyl transpeptidase from Bacillus subtilis BU108 have antimicrobial activity against Streptomyces scabiei Quan Liu1 · Yong‑Rui Shen1 · Kui‑De Yin1 Received: 12 August 2020 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 © Deutsche Phytomedizinische Gesellschaft 2020
Abstract Bacillus species are often regarded as ideal biocontrol agents against plant pathogens, which can produce various antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). In this study, strain BU108 with good antimicrobial activity against Streptomyces scabiei was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of a potato field, which was then identified as Bacillus subtilis through 16S rDNA sequence analysis. An antimicrobial protein was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography and ultrafiltration. The active sample showed a single band on SDS-PAGE gel, which was identified by mass spectrometry as partial fragments of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT). To verify this new finding, three potential AMPs (KT20, IF20 and AE26) were predicted based on the sequence and structure of GGT, and the antimicrobial activity test confirmed two AMPs (KT20 and IF20). As GGT was involved in the metabolism of glutathione in former references, in this study, we reported the antimicrobial activity of its degradation fragments for the first time, which not only enriched the antimicrobial substance of Bacillus subtilis, but also provided a new choice for potato common scab biocontrol. Keywords Biocontrol · Bacillus subtilis · Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase · Antimicrobial peptides · Degradation
Introduction Potato common scab is a serious disease worldwide, which can cause significant reduction in the economic value of potatoes (Hill and Lazarovits 2005). This disease is caused by soil-inhabiting gram-positive filamentous bacteria in the genus Streptomycetes (Loria et al. 1997). In the past, control of this disease was achieved mainly by irrigation treatment (Lapwood et al. 1973), crop rotation (Hooker 1990) or agrichemicals (Potter et al. 1958; Agrios 1997). However, potato common scab can hardly be controlled by a single approach, so it is necessary to find new ecofriendly means (Neeno-Eckwall et al. 2001). Several studies have reported using Bacillus species as biocontrol agents to manage potato common scab (Schmiedeknecht et al. 1998; Han et al. 2010; Meng et al. 2012). Bacillus species can produce dozens of biocontrol * Kui‑De Yin [email protected] 1
peptides and are often regarded as ideal candidates for commercial biocontrol agents. Most peptides are ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified, like Mersacidin (Brotz et al. 1997), Ericin (Stein et al. 2002) and Subtilin (Spieβ et al. 2015). There are also many non-ribosomally synthesized peptides including Surfactin (Peypoux et al. 1999), Fengycin (Hu et al. 2007) and Iturin (Arrebola et al. 2010). Besides above low molecular weight peptides, several high molecular weight proteins with antimicrobial activity also had been reported, such as Flagellin (Zhao et al
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