The Determination of Protein-Based Arsenic in Shrimp Tissues by Hydride Generation-Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometer
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The Determination of Protein-Based Arsenic in Shrimp Tissues by Hydride Generation-Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometer Xiaoying Liu 1 & Haiou Qiu 1,3 & Yunjie Huang 1 & Zhiyong Tang 1 & Shaozhan Tang 1 & Zhenli Zhu 2
Received: 17 September 2014 / Accepted: 25 March 2015 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015
Abstract A method combining protein extraction with hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometer was developed to analyze protein-based arsenic (PBA) present in popular shrimp of China. The traditional method of alkali extraction-isoelectric precipitation was used for protein extraction, and microwave was applied for sample digestion. It was found that PBA concentrations in the extracted proteins were 0.626, 4.01, and 5.91 μg/g for meat, shell, and visceral samples, respectively. PBA recoveries of between 89.72 and 102.3 % were obtained by using the extracted proteins from meat as Bstandard proteins.^ The results of sample and time variability tests showed that PBA concentrations in shrimp samples were very stable. The obtained total arsenic concentration in meat was only 0.123 μg/g and indicated humans’ low daily intake of arsenic from this kind of Chinese shrimp.
Keywords Protein-based arsenic . Protein extraction . Shrimp . HG-AFS
* Haiou Qiu [email protected] * Yunjie Huang [email protected] 1
Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
2
State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
3
Zhejiang Research Institute, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
Introduction Fish and crustaceans are popular and important foods for humans due to their high protein, mineral, and vitamin contents. However, the main uptake route of harmful elements into the human body is also from fish products, though they represent only up to 10 % of human diet worldwide (Storelli 2008). One of the most hazardous elements in fish products is arsenic, which has been ranked as no. 1 on the priority list of hazardous substances by United States Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease since many years ago due to its prevalence in the environment, potential for human exposure, and the severity of health problems it causes (Shen et al. 2013). It is known that the toxicity of arsenic depends greatly on its species. Inorganic and methylated forms of arsenic species have been classified as carcinogenic (Kitchin and Conolly 2010; Ferreira et al. 2011; Sun et al. 2011) and cancer promoters (Brown et al. 1997) in sequence, while both arsenobetaine and arsenocholine are believed to be nontoxic (Hughes 2002). Therefore, the analysis of arsenic speciation is significant for the toxicity evaluation of fish products. Actually, it is a hard job because there are generally dozens of species in aquatic animals (McSheehy et al. 2003). In this condition, researchers have paid much attention to the study of main a
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